Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Department of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;280(Pt 4):136089. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136089. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
Polysaccharide-based hydrogels have gained prominence due to their non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and structural adaptability for constructing tissue engineering scaffolds. Polysaccharide crosslinking is necessary for hydrogel stability in vivo. The periodate oxidation enables the modification of native polysaccharide characteristics for wound healing and tissue engineering applications. It produces dialdehydes, which are used to crosslink biocompatible amine-containing macromolecules such as chitosan, gelatin, adipic acid dihydrazide, silk fibroin, and peptides via imine/hydrazone linkages. Crosslinked oxidized ionic polysaccharide hydrogels have been studied for wound healing, cardiac and liver tissue engineering, bone, cartilage, corneal tissue regeneration, abdominal wall repair, nucleus pulposus regeneration, and osteoarthritis. Several modified hydrogel systems have been synthesized using antibiotics and inorganic substances to improve porosity, mechanical and viscoelastic properties, desired swelling propensity, and antibacterial efficacy. Thus, the injectable hydrogels provide a host-tissue-mimetic environment with high cell adhesion and viability, making them appropriate for scarless wound healing and tissue engineering applications. This review describes the oxidation procedure for alginate, hyaluronic acid, gellan gum, pectin, xanthan gum and chitosan, as well as the characteristics of the resulting materials. Furthermore, a critical review of scientific advances in wound healing and tissue engineering applications has been provided.
多糖基水凝胶因其无毒、生物相容性以及对构建组织工程支架的结构适应性而受到关注。多糖交联对于水凝胶在体内的稳定性是必要的。过碘酸盐氧化使天然多糖的特性得以修饰，可用于伤口愈合和组织工程应用。它产生了二醛，可用于通过亚胺/腙键交联壳聚糖、明胶、己二酸二酰肼、丝素蛋白和肽等生物相容性含胺大分子。交联氧化离子多糖水凝胶已被用于伤口愈合、心脏和肝脏组织工程、骨、软骨、角膜组织再生、腹壁修复、椎间盘再生和骨关节炎的研究。已经使用抗生素和无机物质合成了几种改性水凝胶系统，以提高其孔隙率、机械和粘弹性特性、所需的溶胀倾向和抗菌功效。因此，可注射水凝胶提供了一种具有高细胞黏附和活力的宿主组织模拟环境，使其适用于无疤痕伤口愈合和组织工程应用。本文综述了藻酸盐、透明质酸、结冷胶、果胶、黄原胶和壳聚糖的氧化过程以及所得材料的特性。此外，还对伤口愈合和组织工程应用的科学进展进行了批判性评价。
