Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
J Neurosci. 2024 Oct 2;44(40):e1237242024. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1237-24.2024.
Somatosensory neuroprostheses restore, replace, or enhance tactile and proprioceptive feedback for people with sensory impairments due to neurological disorders or injury. Somatosensory neuroprostheses typically couple sensor inputs from a wearable device, prosthesis, robotic device, or virtual reality system with electrical stimulation applied to the somatosensory nervous system via noninvasive or implanted interfaces. While prior research has mainly focused on technology development and proof-of-concept studies, recent acceleration of clinical studies in this area demonstrates the translational potential of somatosensory neuroprosthetic systems. In this review, we provide an overview of neurostimulation approaches currently undergoing human testing and summarize recent clinical findings on the perceptual, functional, and psychological impact of somatosensory neuroprostheses. We also cover current work toward the development of advanced stimulation paradigms to produce more natural and informative sensory feedback. Finally, we provide our perspective on the remaining challenges that need to be addressed prior to translation of somatosensory neuroprostheses.
体感神经假体为因神经紊乱或损伤而导致感觉缺失的人群恢复、替换或增强触觉和本体感觉反馈。体感神经假体通常将可穿戴设备、假体、机器人设备或虚拟现实系统的传感器输入与通过非侵入性或植入性接口施加到体感神经系统的电刺激相结合。虽然之前的研究主要集中在技术开发和概念验证研究上，但该领域最近临床研究的加速表明了体感神经假体系统的转化潜力。在这篇综述中，我们概述了目前正在进行人体测试的神经刺激方法，并总结了体感神经假体在感知、功能和心理影响方面的最新临床发现。我们还介绍了为开发更自然和信息丰富的感觉反馈而进行的先进刺激范式的当前工作。最后，我们就体感神经假体转化前需要解决的剩余挑战提出了看法。
