男子大学体操运动员的饮食摄入、能量供应与体能

Dietary intake, energy availability, and power in men collegiate gymnasts.

作者信息

Kuhlman Nicholas M, Jones Margaret T, Jagim Andrew R, Magee Meghan K, Wilcox Luke, Fields Jennifer B

机构信息

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.

Patriot Performance Laboratory, Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States.

出版信息

Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Sep 18;6:1448197. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1448197. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fspor.2024.1448197

PMID:39359485

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11445031/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The purpose was to examine the prevalence of low energy availability (LEA), explore dietary behaviors in men collegiate gymnasts ( = 14), and investigate the relationships between energy availability (EA), body composition, and plyometric performance.

METHODS

Body composition was measured using air displacement plethysmography. Lower- and upper-body peak power (PWRpeak) and modified reactive strength index (RSI) were calculated from countermovement jump (CMJ) and plyometric push-up (PP) assessments. Energy expenditure was tracked over 3 days, while daily energy and macronutrient intake were recorded. EA was calculated and used to categorize athletes into LEA and non-LEA groups. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine relationships between EA, body composition, and performance metrics.

RESULTS

85.7% of athletes ( = 12) exhibited LEA (20.98 ± 5.2 kcals/kg FFM), with non-LEA athletes ( = 2) marginally surpassing the <30 kcal/kg of fat-free mass (FFM) threshold (30.58 ± 0.2 kcals/kg FFM). The cohort ( = 14) consumed insufficient energy (30.5 ± 4.5 kcal/kg/day) and carbohydrates (3.7 ± 1.1 g/kg/day), resulting in LEA (22.36 ± 5.9 kcal/kg/FFM). EA was not correlated with body composition or performance metrics.

DISCUSSION

A high prevalence of LEA may exist in men gymnasts, largely due to a low relative energy and carbohydrate intake.

摘要

引言

本研究旨在调查低能量可利用性（LEA）的患病率，探索男子大学生体操运动员（n = 14）的饮食行为，并研究能量可利用性（EA）、身体成分和增强式训练表现之间的关系。

方法

使用空气置换体积描记法测量身体成分。通过反向移动跳（CMJ）和增强式俯卧撑（PP）评估计算下肢和上肢的峰值功率（PWRpeak）和改良反应力量指数（RSI）。连续3天追踪能量消耗，同时记录每日能量和宏量营养素摄入量。计算EA并将运动员分为LEA组和非LEA组。使用Pearson相关系数检验EA、身体成分和表现指标之间的关系。

结果

85.7%的运动员（n = 12）表现出LEA（20.98±5.2 kcals/kg去脂体重），非LEA运动员（n = 2）略高于<30 kcal/kg去脂体重（FFM）的阈值（30.58±0.2 kcals/kg FFM）。该队列（n = 14）摄入的能量（30.5±4.5 kcal/kg/天）和碳水化合物（3.7±1.1 g/kg/天）不足，导致LEA（22.36±5.9 kcal/kg/FFM）。EA与身体成分或表现指标无关。