Faculty of Sports and Exercise Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 3;19(10):e0308466. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308466. eCollection 2024.
Emerging studies have examined the effectiveness of combined exercise and cognitive intervention (combined intervention) on the cognitive function of older adults with MCI, but the conclusions remain disputed. Our study aimed to comprehensively examine the efficacy of the combined intervention on cognitive and physical function in older adults with MCI. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were retrieved to identify the relevant articles. Twelve eligible studies were included, and the results showed that combined intervention significantly improved global cognition SMD = 0.26, 95% CI [0.14-0.39], p<0.0001), executive function (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI [0.25-0.56], p < 0.00001), memory (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI [0.22-0.39], p <0.00001), and gait performance (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI [0.03-0.62], P = 0.03) compared to the control group. Combined intervention significantly improved executive function compared to single exercise intervention while not showing a statistically significant difference compared to single cognitive intervention. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between simultaneously and sequentially combined intervention. The finding indicated that combined intervention is efficacious in improving global cognition and selectively enhancing cognitive domains and physical function in older adults with MCI. More research with robust designs should be conducted, particularly involving comparisons with single interventions and different types of combined interventions.
新兴研究探讨了联合运动和认知干预（联合干预）对轻度认知障碍老年人认知功能的有效性，但结论仍存在争议。本研究旨在全面评估联合干预对轻度认知障碍老年人认知和身体功能的疗效。我们检索了 PubMed、Cochrane Library、EMBASE 和 PsycINFO 以确定相关文章。纳入了 12 项符合条件的研究，结果表明联合干预可显著改善整体认知（SMD = 0.26，95%CI [0.14-0.39]，p<0.0001）、执行功能（SMD = 0.40，95%CI [0.25-0.56]，p < 0.00001）、记忆（SMD = 0.30，95%CI [0.22-0.39]，p <0.00001）和步态表现（SMD = 0.32，95%CI [0.03-0.62]，P = 0.03），与对照组相比。与对照组相比，联合干预在改善执行功能方面明显优于单一运动干预，但与单一认知干预相比，差异无统计学意义。此外，同时和顺序联合干预之间未观察到显著差异。研究结果表明，联合干预可有效改善轻度认知障碍老年人的整体认知，并选择性增强认知域和身体功能。应开展更多设计稳健的研究，特别是涉及与单一干预和不同类型联合干预的比较。
