Mattolini Mirko, Citi Simonetta, Franchi Roberta, Meucci Valentina, Carozzi Gregorio, Gianni Beatrice, Caleri Elvanessa, Rossi Federica
AniCura Clinica Veterinaria Dell'Orologio, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Oct 3;85(12). doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0219. Print 2024 Dec 1.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the CT features of pulmonary metastases in dogs with hemangiosarcoma (HSA) at various sites. Additionally, the CT characteristics of extrapulmonary metastases in the same population were assessed.
Retrospective, observational, and descriptive study conducted from April 2013 to January 2024. Dogs with histologically confirmed HSA and suspected or cytologically/histologically confirmed lung metastases were included. Dogs were excluded if they had a second primary tumor or only 1 unsampled pulmonary nodule.
33 dogs were included, with 26/33 [78.8%] having more than 10 metastatic pulmonary nodules. Most nodules were generalized (24/33 [72.7%]), miliary (29/33 [87.9%]) to subcentimetric (32/33 [97%]) in size, well-defined margins (29/33 [87.9%]), or a perilesional halo sign (24/33 [72.7%]). When more than 10 nodules were present, a generalized distribution was prevalent, while a peripheral location was more common when 2 to 10 nodules were present (P < .0001). In 32/33 (97%) cases, a pulmonary vessel was directly connected to the nodule (feeding vessel). After contrast administration, most lung metastases appeared homogenous (26/33 [78.8%]), although some showed areas of intense enhancement (5/33 [15.1%]) a feature also observed in extrapulmonary metastases with varying frequency (0% to 85.7%).
Pulmonary HSA metastases were characterized by generalized, small (miliary/subcentimetric), well-defined nodules, commonly associated with a halo sign and feeding vessel. Intralesional areas of spotty postcontrast linear or amorphous strong hyperdensity were frequently observed especially in extrapulmonary metastases.
These features may help radiologists and clinicians orient their diagnosis toward metastatic HSA.
本研究旨在评估不同部位患血管肉瘤（HSA）犬肺转移瘤的CT特征。此外，还评估了同一群体肺外转移瘤的CT特征。
2013年4月至2024年1月进行的回顾性、观察性和描述性研究。纳入组织学确诊为HSA且怀疑或经细胞学/组织学确诊有肺转移的犬。若犬患有第二种原发性肿瘤或仅有1个未取样的肺结节，则将其排除。
纳入33只犬，其中26/33（78.8%）有10个以上转移性肺结节。大多数结节呈弥漫性（24/33[72.7%]）、粟粒状（29/33[87.9%]）至小于1厘米（32/33[97%]），边界清晰（29/33[87.9%]），或有病灶周围晕征（24/33[72.7%]）。当有10个以上结节时，弥漫性分布较为普遍，而当有2至10个结节时，周边位置更为常见（P<.0001）。在32/33（97%）的病例中，肺血管直接与结节相连（供血血管）。注射造影剂后，大多数肺转移瘤表现为均匀强化（26/33[78.8%]），尽管有些表现为强化明显的区域（%5/33[15.1%]），这一特征在肺外转移瘤中也有不同频率的观察到（0%至85.7%）。
肺HSA转移瘤的特征为弥漫性、小（粟粒状/小于1厘米）、边界清晰的结节，通常伴有晕征和供血血管。造影后病灶内散在的线性或无定形强高密度区经常可见，尤其是在肺外转移瘤中。
这些特征可能有助于放射科医生和临床医生将诊断方向指向转移性HSA。
