Morales Jacqueline Jannet Dioses, Téllez Monzón Lena Asunción, Nieto Rodolfo Linares, Jorge-Montalvo Paola, Visitación-Figueroa Lizardo
Center for Research in Chemistry, Toxicology, and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, 15024, Lima, Peru.
Ayllu Craftsman Perú SAC By Allpaka Collection, 15457, Lima, Peru.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 21;10(18):e38247. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38247. eCollection 2024 Sep 30.
Baby alpaca fur industry generates considerable wastewater during the soaking process, which contains high levels of total suspended solids (TSSs), proteins, and salts, among other components. The valorization of wastewater after precipitation, coagulation-flocculation, and aeration treatments was evaluated for use in irrigation water, fertigation, groundwater recharge, concrete construction, and disposal. The precipitation treatment sludge and the coagulation-flocculation treatment were evaluated as a protein source, soil quality improvement, and disposal. The treatment system included evaluations of nine pH levels, seven coagulant doses, and seven aeration times. The contents of TSSs, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldalh nitrogen (TKN), ammonia nitrogen (N-NH), and oils and fats (O&G), among other parameters, were determined in the treated and untreated wastewater. Before entering the treatment system, the physicochemical characterization of the wastewater showed a high concentration of parameters related to organic matter and dust, such as O&G, five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD), COD, TSSs, TKN, and N-NH. The optimal removal parameters were pH 12 for the chemical precipitation of proteins, a dose of 480 mg/L FeCl as a coagulant for TSSs removal, and 150 min of aeration; removal efficiencies of 99.02 %, 77.49 %, 79.93 %, and 64.62 % for TSSs, Cod, TKN, and N-NH, respectively, were obtained. The wastewater after treatment can be used for groundwater recharge and concrete construction, and the wastewater with 2 % dilution can be used for irrigation water and fertigation. The sludge after precipitation is rich in protein and can be used as a protein source or soil quality improver.
羊驼幼崽毛皮产业在浸泡过程中会产生大量废水，其中含有高浓度的总悬浮固体（TSS）、蛋白质和盐等成分。对经过沉淀、混凝絮凝和曝气处理后的废水进行价值评估，以用于灌溉用水、施肥灌溉、地下水回灌、混凝土施工和处置。对沉淀处理污泥和混凝絮凝处理进行评估，以作为蛋白质来源、改善土壤质量和处置。处理系统包括对九个pH值水平、七种混凝剂剂量和七种曝气时间的评估。在处理前后的废水中测定了TSS、化学需氧量（COD）、凯氏总氮（TKN）、氨氮（N-NH）和油脂（O&G）等参数的含量。在进入处理系统之前，废水的理化特性表明与有机物和灰尘相关的参数浓度很高，如O&G、五日生化需氧量（BOD）、COD、TSS、TKN和N-NH。蛋白质化学沉淀的最佳去除参数为pH值12，作为去除TSS的混凝剂，FeCl剂量为480 mg/L，曝气150分钟；TSS、COD、TKN和N-NH的去除效率分别为99.02%、77.49%、79.93%和64.62%。处理后的废水可用于地下水回灌和混凝土施工，稀释2%的废水可用于灌溉用水和施肥灌溉。沉淀后的污泥富含蛋白质，可作为蛋白质来源或土壤质量改良剂。
