Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Nov;10(6):e70038. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70038.
The vegetable-based diet alone does not provide the lysine (Lys) needed to maximize poultry productive performance.
This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary digestible Lys (dLys) level on productive and reproductive performance, egg quality, blood metabolites and immune responses in breeding Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica).
The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 5 replicates and 15 (12 females and 3 meals) 10-week-old breeding Japanese quails each. A basal diet was formulated to meet nutritional requirements of breeding quails except dLys. The basal diet was supplemented with graded (+0.82 g/kg) levels of l-Lys-HCl, corresponding to dietary dLys levels of 0.690%, 0.755%, 0.820%, 0.885%, 0.950% and 1.015%. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks, which was divided into 3-4-week periods.
Significant differences were observed for egg production (EP), egg mass (EM) and feed efficiency (FE) in response to increasing dietary dLys concentration with quadratic trends. The highest traits were observed in the birds fed with a diet containing 0.885% dLys. However, feed intake, egg quality, reproductive performance, blood metabolites and immune responses against sheep red blood cell inoculation were not significantly affected by increasing dietary dLys concentrations. The dLys requirements during 11-14, 15-18, 19-22 and 11-22 (overall) weeks of age for optimal EP, EM and FE, based on the quadratic broken-line regression analysis, were estimated 272, 265, 250 and 266; 293, 285, 264 and 279; and 303, 294, 281 and 293 mg/bird/day, respectively.
The dLys requirements vary depending on the EP phase and the trait being optimized. The estimated dLys requirement for FE was higher than those for EP and EM. During the peak stage of the first laying cycle, the dietary dLys level of 0.932% and a daily intake of 303 mg dLys/bird are sufficient for optimal performance.
仅食用植物性饮食无法提供最大化家禽生产性能所需的赖氨酸（Lys）。
本实验旨在评估日粮可消化赖氨酸（dLys）水平对种用日本鹌鹑（Coturnix japonica）生产性能和繁殖性能、蛋品质、血液代谢物和免疫反应的影响。
试验采用完全随机设计，设 6 个处理，每个处理 5 个重复，每个重复 15 只（12 只母鸡和 3 只公鸡）10 周龄种用日本鹌鹑。基础日粮根据种用鹌鹑的营养需要配制，除 dLys 外，其他营养指标均满足需要。基础日粮添加不同水平的 L-赖氨酸盐酸盐（+0.82 g/kg），对应于日粮 dLys 水平为 0.690%、0.755%、0.820%、0.885%、0.950%和 1.015%。试验持续 12 周，分为 3-4 周的阶段。
随着日粮 dLys 浓度的增加，产蛋率（EP）、蛋重（EM）和饲料效率（FE）呈二次曲线趋势，差异显著。在饲喂含 0.885% dLys 日粮的鸟类中，这些性状最高。然而，饲料摄入量、蛋品质、繁殖性能、血液代谢物和绵羊红细胞接种后的免疫反应均不受日粮 dLys 浓度增加的显著影响。基于二次折线回归分析，11-14、15-18、19-22 和 11-22（总）周龄时，优化 EP、EM 和 FE 的最佳 dLys 需要量估计分别为 272、265、250 和 266、293、285、264 和 279、303、294、281 和 293 mg/只/天。
dLys 的需求量取决于产蛋阶段和优化的性状。FE 的估计 dLys 需要量高于 EP 和 EM。在第一个产蛋周期高峰期，日粮 dLys 水平为 0.932%，每日摄入 303 mg dLys/只，可满足最佳性能的需要。
