Haglili Ophir, Sixsmith Andrew, Star Ariel Pollock, Shmueli Moshe, O'Rourke Norm
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
STAR Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Int J Bipolar Disord. 2024 Oct 5;12(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s40345-024-00357-4.
Adults with bipolar disorder (BD) commonly present with cognitive deficits. Many also report subjective or perceived cognitive failures. For this study, we identified four distinct clusters of adults with BD on the basis of both BD symptoms (depression and hypo/mania) and perceived cognitive errors (i.e., forgetfulness, distractibility, false triggering). We hypothesized that participants reporting more BD symptoms and cognitive errors would report lower psychological well-being (i.e., self-efficacy, life scheme, life satisfaction). A second objective was to determine if and how clusters differed in terms of BD related factors (e.g., subtypes, sleep, medications) and sociodemographic differences such as age of participants. From the BADAS (Bipolar Affective Disorder and older Adults) Study, we identified 281adults with BD (M = 44.27 years of age, range 19-81), recruited via social media.
All clusters significantly differed across all grouping variables except symptoms of hypo/mania due to low frequency. Across clusters, perceived cognitive failures and BD symptoms increased in lockstep; that is, those reporting more cognitive errors also reported significantly higher symptoms of both depression and hypo/mania. As hypothesized, they also reported significantly lower psychological well-being.
Age did not significantly differ across clusters in contrast to existing research in which cognitive loss is objectively measured. That is, perceived cognitive errors are significantly associated with lower psychological well-being for both young and older adults with BD.
双相情感障碍（BD）成人患者通常存在认知缺陷。许多患者还报告有主观或感知到的认知失误。在本研究中，我们根据双相情感障碍症状（抑郁和轻躁狂/躁狂）以及感知到的认知错误（即健忘、注意力分散、错误触发），确定了四组不同的双相情感障碍成人患者。我们假设，报告更多双相情感障碍症状和认知错误的参与者心理幸福感较低（即自我效能感、生活规划、生活满意度）。第二个目标是确定这些组在双相情感障碍相关因素（如亚型、睡眠、药物治疗）以及社会人口统计学差异（如参与者年龄）方面是否存在差异以及如何存在差异。从双相情感障碍与老年人（BADAS）研究中，我们通过社交媒体招募了281名双相情感障碍成人患者（平均年龄M = 44.27岁，范围19 - 81岁）。
除轻躁狂/躁狂症状因出现频率低外，所有组在所有分组变量上均存在显著差异。在各个组中，感知到的认知失误和双相情感障碍症状同步增加；也就是说，报告更多认知错误的人抑郁和轻躁狂/躁狂症状也显著更高。正如所假设的，他们的心理幸福感也显著更低。
与客观测量认知损失的现有研究不同，各年龄组之间年龄差异不显著。也就是说，对于患有双相情感障碍的年轻人和老年人，感知到的认知错误都与较低的心理幸福感显著相关。
