Lucas Ignacio, Granero Roser, Mora-Maltas Bernat, Fernández-Aranda Fernando, Jiménez-Murcia Susana
1Clinical Psychology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
2Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
J Behav Addict. 2024 Oct 4;13(4):1003-1013. doi: 10.1556/2006.2024.00053. Print 2024 Dec 30.
The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) is a commonly used tool for screening potential gambling problems. The SOGS score has been found to be correlated with the DSM-5 criteria for Gambling Disorder (GD). However, one of its main limitations is the high rate of false positives. The objective of this study was to establish more accurate cutoff points for the SOGS based on the DSM-5 criteria and severity levels, taking into account sex-specific samples. Additionally, we aimed to validate these cutoff points using external measures.
The study sample comprised 4.516 patients (398 women and 4,118 men) who sought treatment for GD. Of these patients, 4.203 met the DSM-5 criteria for GD, while 313 did not meet the threshold for GD diagnosis.
The recommended cutoff value for the SOGS is eight for men (Sensitivity (Se): 82.9%, Specificity (Sp): 86.2%) and seven for women (Se: 85.6%, Sp: 77.4%). For moderate severity of GD, the cutoff points are nine for men (Se: 82.1%, Sp: 82.0%) and eight for women (Se: 86.3%, Sp: 73.3%), while for severe cases of GD, the cutoff point is ten for both sexes (Se: 83.0%, Sp: 56.7% for men; Se: 80.0%, Sp: 77.4% for women). These cutoff values are validated by evidence of worse psychopathological states, more dysfunctional personality traits, and risky behaviours commonly associated with GD.
These findings support adjusting the reference values for the SOGS to eight in males and seven in females to enhance the classification of individuals potentially experiencing GD. The use of higher cutoff values has significant implications for clinical and research purposes, enabling a more precise assessment of the diagnosis and severity of GD.
南橡树赌博筛查量表（SOGS）是一种常用的潜在赌博问题筛查工具。研究发现，SOGS评分与《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM - 5）中赌博障碍（GD）的诊断标准相关。然而，其主要局限性之一是假阳性率较高。本研究的目的是根据DSM - 5标准和严重程度水平，考虑到不同性别的样本，为SOGS建立更准确的临界值。此外，我们旨在使用外部测量方法验证这些临界值。
研究样本包括4516名寻求GD治疗的患者（398名女性和4118名男性）。其中，4203名患者符合DSM - 5中GD的标准，而313名患者未达到GD诊断阈值。
SOGS的推荐临界值男性为8分（灵敏度（Se）：82.9%，特异度（Sp）：86.2%），女性为7分（Se：85.6%，Sp：77.4%）。对于中度GD严重程度，男性临界值为9分（Se：82.1%，Sp：82.0%），女性为8分（Se：86.3%，Sp：73.3%），而对于重度GD病例，男女临界值均为10分（男性Se：83.0%，Sp：56.7%；女性Se：80.0%，Sp：77.4%）。这些临界值通过心理病理状态较差、人格特质功能失调更严重以及与GD常见的危险行为的证据得到验证。
这些发现支持将SOGS的参考值调整为男性8分、女性7分，以加强对可能患有GD个体的分类。使用更高的临界值对临床和研究目的具有重要意义，能够更精确地评估GD的诊断和严重程度。
