Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.
BMC Psychol. 2022 Feb 1;10(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00727-6.
In the DSM-5, gambling disorder is recognized as the only behavioral addiction. The number of people with mental health disorders is increasing in Lebanon, especially since the economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), the most used tool in the world in terms of pathological gambling, has never been translated to Arabic, culturally adapted in a way that suits the Lebanese population and validated. This study's objectives were to validate an Arabic-language version of the SOGS and assess factors associated with probable pathological gambling among Lebanese adults.
This study was carried out between February and April 2021, during the lockdown period imposed by the Lebanese government. A total of 601 individuals participated in this study by filling the online questionnaire.
A factor analysis, using the principal component analysis, was performed on the SOGS scale items. The SOGS items were able to explain 73.35% of the variance, with an internal reliability of KR20 = 0.947 for the total scale. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the results of the factor analysis. More problematic alcohol use (aOR = 1.17), and more depression (aOR = 1.13) were significantly associated with higher odds of probable pathological gambling, whereas females (aOR = 0.27) had significantly lower odds of probable pathological gambling compared to males.
Our study validated an Arabic-language version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) for use in Lebanon, and showed some factors associated with probable pathological gambling (male gender, alcohol use disorder and depression). This reliable and valid version will hopefully contribute towards better screening for gambling disorder in Lebanon.
在 DSM-5 中，赌博障碍被认为是唯一的行为成瘾。在黎巴嫩，精神健康障碍的人数正在增加，尤其是自经济危机和 COVID-19 大流行以来。《South Oaks Gambling Screen（SOGS）》是世界上使用最多的病态赌博工具，它从未被翻译成阿拉伯语，也没有以适合黎巴嫩人口的方式进行文化适应和验证。本研究的目的是验证 SOGS 的阿拉伯语版本，并评估与黎巴嫩成年人中可能存在病态赌博相关的因素。
本研究于 2021 年 2 月至 4 月期间进行，正值黎巴嫩政府实施封锁期间。共有 601 人通过填写在线问卷参与了这项研究。
使用主成分分析对 SOGS 量表项目进行了因子分析。SOGS 项目能够解释 73.35%的方差，总量表的内部可靠性 KR20=0.947。验证性因子分析的结果证实了因子分析的结果。更严重的酒精使用（OR=1.17）和更多的抑郁（OR=1.13）与更高的可能性病理性赌博相关，而女性（OR=0.27）与男性相比，可能性病理性赌博的几率显著降低。
我们的研究验证了一种阿拉伯语版的 South Oaks Gambling Screen（SOGS），可用于黎巴嫩，并显示了一些与可能存在的病理性赌博相关的因素（男性、酒精使用障碍和抑郁）。这个可靠和有效的版本有望有助于更好地在黎巴嫩筛查赌博障碍。
