Department of Ophthalmology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Ophthalmology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Surg Educ. 2024 Dec;81(12):103286. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.09.005. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
To synthesize the experiences of childbearing, fertility, and lactation among Canadian ophthalmologists and trainees.
Online, cross-sectional survey.
A survey was distributed to Canadian ophthalmologists and trainees between April and August 2022. Likert-type scales were used to measure respondents' agreement with each survey item. Fisher's exact test was used to identify significant differences based on gender.
Data were obtained from a total of 137 survey respondents (46% females). Women more than men reported that training and clinical practice influenced the number of children they chose to have (p = 0.002), as well as their ability to conceive (p < 0.001). Compared to their male counterparts, more women had concerns about future fertility (p = 0.040) and parental leave (p = 0.037). Among factors affecting parental leave, pressure from colleagues (p = 0.046) and difficulty finding coverage for clinical practice (p = 0.022) were statistically significant among women more than men. More women reported taking parental leave during medical school, residency, and clinical practice than men (p < 0.001). Childbearing (p = 0.005) and parental leave (p = 0.031) influenced pursuit of leadership roles and opportunities for career advancement among women more than men. Of those with lactation experiences, one-third of women felt they did not have adequate space or storage to facilitate their breastfeeding goals in the workplace.
Over the span of their careers, female ophthalmologists and trainees face unparalleled challenges related to childbearing and parenthood duties, coping with infertility and obstetric risks, stigma, inadequate parental leaves, and poor supports for lactation and childcare, while balancing their career demands and aspirations. Garnering an understanding of gender inequities is essential to promote work-family integration within the surgical culture and address the systemic and structural barriers which impose a glass ceiling for female surgeons.
综合加拿大眼科医生和受训者的生育、生育和哺乳经验。
在线，横断面调查。
2022 年 4 月至 8 月期间，向加拿大眼科医生和受训者分发了一项调查。采用李克特量表衡量受访者对每个调查项目的同意程度。基于性别，采用 Fisher 精确检验确定显著差异。
共获得 137 名调查受访者（46%为女性）的数据。与男性相比，更多的女性报告称培训和临床实践影响了她们选择生育的孩子数量（p=0.002），以及她们的受孕能力（p<0.001）。与男性相比，更多的女性对未来的生育能力（p=0.040）和育儿假（p=0.037）表示担忧。在影响育儿假的因素中，同事的压力（p=0.046）和难以找到临床实践的替代者（p=0.022）在女性中比男性更显著。与男性相比，更多的女性报告在医学院、住院医师和临床实践期间休育儿假（p<0.001）。与男性相比，生育（p=0.005）和育儿假（p=0.031）对女性追求领导角色和职业发展机会的影响更大。在有哺乳经验的女性中，三分之一的人认为她们在工作场所没有足够的空间或储存设施来促进母乳喂养目标。
在职业生涯中，女性眼科医生和受训者面临着与生育和育儿责任相关的前所未有的挑战，包括应对不孕和产科风险、耻辱感、育儿假不足以及对哺乳和育儿的支持不佳，同时平衡职业需求和愿望。了解性别不平等至关重要，可以促进手术文化中的工作-家庭融合，并解决对女性外科医生施加玻璃天花板的系统和结构性障碍。
