Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 Oct 5;20(1):449. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04279-2.
This study aimed to conduct a multidisciplinary investigation integrating detailed morphology, molecular characterization, water parameters, histopathology alteration, and the trials of treatment of Clinostomum spp. In this study, 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected from the farmed and wild Nile River at Al Bahr Al Aazam, Giza Governorate to assess Clinostomid infection prevalence. Fish and water samples were collected from private fish farms, and water drains at Dakahlia, and Giza, Egypt. Analysis of the water revealed inadequate water quality, particularly in the fish farms. Snails and piscivorous birds were abundant at fish collection sites. The recovered Clinostomid MCs morphological characteristics and COI gene sequence analysis identified them as Clinostomum complanatum, C. phalacrocoracis, and Euclinostomum heterostomum. Clinostomid MCs disturbed the fish's hematological and biochemical blood parameters. Bath treatment of parasitized fish with praziquantel (2 mg/L for 24 h) revealed a significant reduction in the number of vital MCs vs. infected fish (non-treated). Praziquantel (PZQ) is an effective and safe therapy for controlling Clinostomid infections affecting farmed Nile tilapia. The current findings indicate a link between poor environmental conditions and Clinostomum infections in tilapia. The study highlights the impacts of Clinostomid MCs on fish health and recommends bath treatment with PZQ as an efficient control method for these dangerous parasites to protect human and fish health.
本研究旨在进行一项多学科调查，整合详细的形态学、分子特征、水参数、组织病理学改变以及对片形吸虫病的治疗试验。在本研究中，从吉萨省的巴哈尔-阿勒阿扎姆的养殖和野生尼罗河采集了 300 条尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus），以评估片形吸虫病的感染率。从埃及达卡利亚和吉萨的私人鱼类养殖场和污水渠采集了鱼类和水样。水质分析显示水质不佳，尤其是在鱼类养殖场。在鱼类采集点发现大量的蜗牛和食鱼鸟类。回收的片形吸虫 MC 的形态特征和 COI 基因序列分析将其鉴定为片形吸虫 complanatum、C. phalacrocoracis 和 Euclinostomum heterostomum。片形吸虫 MC 扰乱了鱼类的血液学和生化血液参数。用吡喹酮（2mg/L，24 小时）对寄生有片形吸虫的鱼类进行浴疗，与感染鱼类（未治疗）相比，存活的 MC 数量显著减少。吡喹酮（PZQ）是控制养殖尼罗罗非鱼感染片形吸虫的有效且安全的疗法。目前的研究结果表明，环境条件差与罗非鱼感染片形吸虫之间存在关联。本研究强调了片形吸虫 MC 对鱼类健康的影响，并建议使用 PZQ 进行浴疗，作为控制这些危险寄生虫的有效方法，以保护人类和鱼类的健康。
