Badran Leena, Rizkalla Niveen, Segal Steven P
School of Social Welfare, University of California Berkeley, USA.
Center for Effective Global Action and The School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, USA.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2025 Mar;71(2):283-294. doi: 10.1177/00207640241288193. Epub 2024 Oct 6.
Many have found that minorities seek help for mental health problems less than the general population. Such findings are surprising considering that minorities experience higher rates of mental health issues compared to the general population.
Employing the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study aimed to explore the intentions of Muslims living in California and Israel pertaining seeking mental health help (SMHH).
A qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews guided by TPB principles was conducted with 78 participants. Thematic analysis was implemented to identify key themes.
Five major themes were identified: 1 - Attitudes: Normalization of SMHH entangled with fear; causes and attributions of mental health disorders; perspectives on treatment. 2 - Subjective norms: Support groups; stigma and social norms. 3 - Perceived behavioral control: Personal and environmental facilitators and barriers. 4 - Intentions: High; conditioned preapproval; and low. 5 - Actual help seeking behavior: Religious figures as first resort; incorporating religious practices, and preference of Muslim therapist. Cultural beliefs, stigma, social support, and religion elements were dominant in the TPB model.
The findings underscored the holistic approach among Muslims toward seeking mental help incorporating medical, psychological, social, and spiritual understanding of the mental health condition. This suggests considering social and communal elements in developing interventions, education, and policy for SMHH among Muslims.
许多人发现，少数群体寻求心理健康问题帮助的情况比普通人群少。考虑到少数群体与普通人群相比心理健康问题发生率更高，这样的发现令人惊讶。
本研究运用计划行为理论（TPB），旨在探讨居住在加利福尼亚州和以色列的穆斯林寻求心理健康帮助（SMHH）的意图。
采用定性研究方法，对78名参与者进行了以TPB原则为指导的半结构化访谈。实施主题分析以确定关键主题。
确定了五个主要主题：1 - 态度：SMHH的常态化与恐惧交织；心理健康障碍的原因和归因；对治疗的看法。2 - 主观规范：支持群体；耻辱感和社会规范。3 - 感知行为控制：个人和环境促进因素及障碍。4 - 意图：高；有条件的预先批准；以及低。5 - 实际寻求帮助行为：将宗教人物作为第一求助对象；融入宗教实践，以及对穆斯林治疗师的偏好。文化信仰、耻辱感、社会支持和宗教元素在TPB模型中占主导地位。
研究结果强调了穆斯林在寻求心理帮助时采取的整体方法，其中融入了对心理健康状况的医学、心理、社会和精神理解。这表明在为穆斯林群体制定SMHH干预措施、教育和政策时应考虑社会和社区因素。
