Department of Behavioral Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2020 Nov;55(11):1397-1413. doi: 10.1007/s00127-020-01937-2. Epub 2020 Aug 20.
This systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence on behavioural and attitudinal patterns as well as barriers and enablers in Filipino formal help-seeking.
Using PRISMA framework, 15 studies conducted in 7 countries on Filipino help-seeking were appraised through narrative synthesis.
Filipinos across the world have general reluctance and unfavourable attitude towards formal help-seeking despite high rates of psychological distress. They prefer seeking help from close family and friends. Barriers cited by Filipinos living in the Philippines include financial constraints and inaccessibility of services, whereas overseas Filipinos were hampered by immigration status, lack of health insurance, language difficulty, experience of discrimination and lack of acculturation to host culture. Both groups were hindered by self and social stigma attached to mental disorder, and by concern for loss of face, sense of shame, and adherence to Asian values of conformity to norms where mental illness is considered unacceptable. Filipinos are also prevented from seeking help by their sense of resilience and self-reliance, but this is explored only in qualitative studies. They utilize special mental health care only as the last resort or when problems become severe. Other prominent facilitators include perception of distress, influence of social support, financial capacity and previous positive experience in formal help.
We confirmed the low utilization of mental health services among Filipinos regardless of their locations, with mental health stigma as primary barrier, while resilience and self-reliance as coping strategies were cited in qualitative studies. Social support and problem severity were cited as prominent facilitators.
本系统评价旨在综合菲律宾人寻求正式帮助的行为和态度模式以及障碍和促进因素方面的证据。
使用 PRISMA 框架，对在 7 个国家进行的 15 项针对菲律宾人寻求帮助的研究进行了评价，并通过叙述性综合进行了分析。
尽管菲律宾人普遍存在心理困扰，但他们对寻求正式帮助普遍持不情愿和不利的态度。他们更倾向于向亲密的家人和朋友寻求帮助。菲律宾人提到的障碍包括经济限制和服务的不可及性，而海外菲律宾人则受到移民身份、缺乏健康保险、语言困难、经历歧视和缺乏对东道国文化的适应等因素的阻碍。这两个群体都受到与精神障碍相关的自我和社会耻辱感的阻碍，以及对失去面子、羞耻感的担忧，以及对亚洲规范中对精神疾病不可接受的价值观的遵从。菲律宾人也因为他们的韧性和自力更生感而无法寻求帮助，但这仅在定性研究中进行了探讨。他们只在最后关头或问题变得严重时才会利用特殊的心理健康护理。其他突出的促进因素包括对痛苦的感知、社会支持的影响、经济能力和以前在正式帮助方面的积极经验。
无论他们身在何处，我们都证实了菲律宾人对心理健康服务的利用率较低，精神健康耻辱感是主要障碍，而韧性和自力更生感则在定性研究中被提到作为应对策略。社会支持和问题的严重程度被认为是突出的促进因素。
