Šabac Academy of Vocational Studies, Šabac, Serbia.
University of Novi Sad Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2024 Sep 29;75(3):191-199. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3828. eCollection 2024 Sep 1.
As healthcare workers run a high and constant occupational risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection through exposure to biological material, vaccination is mandatory as well as the monitoring of antibody levels one to two months after complete immunisation. The aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to determine HBV vaccine coverage of 200 primary and secondary healthcare workers (100 each) from Šabac, Serbia and their blood anti-HBs titre. We also wanted to identify factors that could predict the titre. Anti-HBV vaccination covered all participants, of whom 89.5 % were fully vaccinated, and 85 % had a protective antibody titre. We found a statistically significant association between antibody titre and the number of received vaccine doses, chronic jaundice, autoimmune disease, and cancer in our participants. The fact that 15 % did not achieve the protective antibody titre confirms the necessity of its control after immunisation, which is not routinely carried out in most countries, Serbia included. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a detailed strategy for monitoring vaccination and serological status of healthcare workers in order to improve their safety at work. An important role should also be given to continuous education of healthcare workers from the beginning of schooling to the end of their professional career.
由于医护人员在接触生物材料时面临着高且持续的乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染职业风险，因此接种疫苗是强制性的，并且在完全免疫接种后一到两个月监测抗体水平也是强制性的。本描述性横断面研究的目的是确定来自塞尔维亚沙巴茨的 200 名初级和二级医护人员（各 100 名）的 HBV 疫苗接种覆盖率及其血液抗-HBs 效价。我们还想确定可以预测效价的因素。抗 HBV 疫苗接种覆盖了所有参与者，其中 89.5%的人完全接种了疫苗，85%的人具有保护性抗体效价。我们发现参与者的抗体效价与接种疫苗的剂量、慢性黄疸、自身免疫性疾病和癌症之间存在统计学显著关联。15%的人未达到保护性抗体效价这一事实证实了接种疫苗后需要对其进行控制的必要性，但在大多数国家（包括塞尔维亚）并未常规进行。因此，有必要制定一项详细的策略来监测医护人员的疫苗接种和血清学状况，以提高他们在工作中的安全性。还应从教育开始到职业生涯结束，为医护人员提供持续的教育，赋予他们重要的角色。
