Ahn Sang Min, Lee Yong Seop, Han Min, Lee Jung Ah, Seong Jae Eun, Baek Yae Jee, Hyun JongHoon, Kim Jung Ho, Ahn Jin Young, Oh Dong Hyun, Jeong Su Jin, Baek Ji Hyeon, Ku Nam Su, Choi Hee Kyoung, Park Yoonseon, Chin BumSik, Kim Young Keun, Yeom Joon Sup, Choi Young Hwa, Choi Jun Yong
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Infect Chemother. 2024 Sep;56(3):369-377. doi: 10.3947/ic.2024.0057.
While Korea maintains a low prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the number of newly diagnosed cases has been steadily rising, reaching approximately 1,000 annually in recent years. The 2022 annual report from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency revealed that women living with HIV (WLWH) constitute 6.4% of the total confirmed people living with the HIV population, totaling 1,219 individuals. Despite this, only a few studies have focused on WLWH in Korea. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of WLWH in Korea.
We retrospectively collected data by reviewing the medical records of all WLWH who visited 10 urban referral hospitals across Korea between January 2005 and May 2023.
A total of 443 WLWH were enrolled in this study. The predominant risk exposure was heterosexual contact, with 235 (53%) participants either married or cohabiting with a male partner at their initial clinic visit. Among the participants, 334 (77.7%) were Korean, 27 (6.1%) were Southeast Asian, and 19 (4.3%) were African. Antiretroviral therapy was initiated by 404 WLWH (91.2%). We observed 118 pregnancies in WLWH following their HIV diagnosis, resulting in 78 live births (66.1%), 18 induced abortions (15.2%), 10 pre-viable fetal losses (8.5%), and four stillbirths (3.4%). Over a cumulative follow-up duration of 3,202.1 years, the incidence rates of breast and cervical cancers were both 2.18 per 1,000 person-years. Additionally, the incidence rates of pelvic inflammatory disease, cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (above grade II), and osteoporosis were 4.67, 11.21, and 13.39 per 1,000 patient-years, respectively.
This is the first multicenter study to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of WLWH in Korea. The incidence and prevalence of diseases in women, including breast cancer, cervical cancer, and chronic comorbidities, are high in WLWH in Korea; therefore, further research and efforts are needed to manage these diseases.
尽管韩国人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的流行率较低，但新诊断病例数一直在稳步上升，近年来每年约达1000例。韩国疾病控制与预防机构2022年的年度报告显示，感染HIV的女性（WLWH）占确诊HIV感染者总数的6.4%，共计1219人。尽管如此，韩国仅有少数研究关注WLWH。本研究旨在分析韩国WLWH的流行病学和临床特征。
我们通过回顾2005年1月至2023年5月期间韩国10家城市转诊医院所有WLWH的病历，回顾性收集数据。
本研究共纳入443例WLWH。主要的风险暴露因素是异性接触，235例（53%）参与者在初次就诊时已婚或与男性伴侣同居。参与者中，334例（77.7%）为韩国人，27例（6.1%）为东南亚人，19例（4.3%）为非洲人。404例WLWH（91.2%）开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。我们观察到WLWH在确诊HIV后有118次妊娠，其中78例活产（66.1%），18例人工流产（15.2%），10例早期胎儿丢失（8.5%），4例死产（3.4%）。在累计3202.1年的随访期间，乳腺癌和宫颈癌的发病率均为每1000人年2.18例。此外，盆腔炎、宫颈上皮内瘤变（二级以上）和骨质疏松症的发病率分别为每1000患者年4.67例、11.21例和13.39例。
这是第一项调查韩国WLWH临床和流行病学特征的多中心研究。韩国WLWH中包括乳腺癌、宫颈癌和慢性合并症在内的女性疾病发病率和患病率较高；因此，需要进一步的研究和努力来管理这些疾病。
