Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2024 Oct 7;35(1):61. doi: 10.1007/s10856-024-06833-8.
Bone graft granules are valuable tools for ridge area bone grafting owing to their ease of manipulation and interconnected porous structure. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) using barrier membranes is commonly used for alveolar ridge augmentation; however, the surgical procedures are technically complicated. In this study, we fabricated bioresorbable mesh domes (BMDs) using two types of Vicryl mesh (woven and knitted types) containing carbonate apatite granules. BMD samples were prepared in three groups: upper sides made from the woven type (UW) and lower sides made from the woven type (LW) (the UW/LW group), upper sides made from the woven type (UW) and lower sides made from the knitted type (LK) (the UW/LK group), and upper sides made from the knitted type (UK) and lower sides made from the knitted type (LK) (the UK/LK group). The samples were subsequently implanted into rabbit calvaria, and radiomorphometric and histological analyses were conducted. The UK/LK group exhibited enhanced appositional bone formation because the knitted mesh on the skin side prevented the infiltration of a substantial amount of fibrous tissue. This increase in bone formation could be attributed to the interaction between granules and osteoprogenitors that pass through the mesh from the host bone. Conversely, the UW/LW and UW/LK groups presented limited appositional bone formation. Compared with knitted mesh, woven mesh might tend to be absorbed over a short span, allowing fibrous tissue invasion and inhibiting new bone formation. Additionally, BMDs could retain granules in a targeted location and avoid displacement of the granules to unintended locations.
骨移植颗粒因其易于操作和相互连通的多孔结构，是牙槽嵴骨移植的有价值工具。使用屏障膜的引导骨再生（GBR）常用于牙槽嵴增量；然而，手术过程技术复杂。在这项研究中，我们使用含有碳酸钙磷灰石颗粒的两种薇乔网（编织型和针织型）制造了可吸收网片穹顶（BMD）。BMD 样本分为三组制备：编织型上侧和编织型下侧（UW/LW 组）、编织型上侧和针织型下侧（UW/LK 组）和针织型上侧和针织型下侧（UK/LK 组）。随后将样本植入兔颅骨，并进行放射形态计量学和组织学分析。UK/LK 组表现出增强的成骨作用，因为皮肤侧的针织网阻止了大量纤维组织的渗透。这种骨形成的增加可归因于穿过网片从宿主骨而来的颗粒与成骨前体细胞的相互作用。相反，UW/LW 和 UW/LK 组呈现出有限的成骨作用。与针织网相比，编织网可能在短时间内被吸收，允许纤维组织入侵并抑制新骨形成。此外，BMD 可以将颗粒保留在目标位置，并避免颗粒移位到非预期位置。
