Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila - UAdeC, Blvd. Fundadores km 13, Ciudad Universitaria, Arteaga, 25350, México.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Oct;31(50):60141-60158. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35235-0. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
In this research, four industrial wastes were used for up to 80% as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in cement mortar systems: ground granulated blast furnace slag, electric arc furnace slag, basic oxygen furnace slag, and waste limestone powder. Quaternary cementitious blends were prepared and studied for up to 120 days. Workability, compressive strength, durability, microstructures, and sustainability studies were performed and compared with Portland cement references. Results showed that more than 30 MPa in compressive strength can be achieved by > 50% replacement with SCMs; only 9% below the reference. Neither HSO nor MgSO attacks resulted in critical damages; nevertheless, curing under NaCl solution showed detrimental behavior. C-S-H with a low Ca/Si ratio was identified in the mortars as the main hydration product, possibly intermixed with stratlingite, C-A-S-H and/or hydrotalcite. Environmental impact for the blended cements was determined as the COeq. factor from a simple life cycle assessment. The embodied greenhouse gasses varied in 260.2-541.4 kg COeq./ton of binder depending on the formulation. This was 40-70% less than Portland cement (922.6 kg COeq./ton). The production of the raw materials dominated the polluting emissions, while freight, grinding, and sieving had little environmental impact.
在这项研究中，使用了四种工业废料作为高达 80%的水泥砂浆系统中的补充胶凝材料（SCM）：磨细粒化高炉矿渣、电弧炉渣、碱性氧气炉渣和废石灰石粉。制备了四元胶凝混合物并进行了长达 120 天的研究。对工作性、抗压强度、耐久性、微观结构和可持续性进行了研究，并与波特兰水泥进行了比较。结果表明，用 SCM 替代超过 50%可以达到超过 30 MPa 的抗压强度；仅比参考值低 9%。既没有 HSO 也没有 MgSO 侵蚀导致严重损坏；然而，在 NaCl 溶液中养护显示出有害行为。在砂浆中鉴定出 C-S-H 的 Ca/Si 比低，可能与硫铝酸盐、C-A-S-H 和/或水滑石互混。混合水泥的环境影响是通过简单的生命周期评估确定的 COeq. 因子。所产生的温室气体在 260.2-541.4 kg COeq./吨粘结剂之间变化，具体取决于配方。这比波特兰水泥（922.6 kg COeq./吨）少 40-70%。原材料的生产主导着污染排放，而货运、研磨和筛分对环境的影响很小。
