Bąk Halszka, Altarriba Jeanette
Faculty of English, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA.
Cogn Emot. 2025 Mar;39(2):261-281. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2406347. Epub 2024 Oct 6.
The current study explores the differences in conceptualisation of the prototypical basic emotion lexicalisations (, , , , , ) in English and in Polish. Measures of concreteness, imageability and context availability were collected and analysed across the six semantic categories of basic emotions, across different parts of speech and between the self-determined genders of the study participants. The initial results indicate that within these cognitive dimensions the conceptualisations of basic emotions in English and in Polish are only similar on the more general but not the higher levels of conceptualisation. The folk-psychological division between positive and negative emotions and the grammatical parts of speech reveal similar patterns in basic emotion concepts in both Polish and in English. However, on the higher levels of conceptualisations that include specific basic emotion semantic categories and self-identified gender, marked language-specific differences become apparent. Different negative emotions drive the statistical differences in Polish and in English, and the gender effects on the measures of concreteness, imageability and context availability are opposite from one language to the other. In other words, basic emotions may be broadly mutually intelligible, but not exactly the same when communicated across languages and cultures.
当前的研究探讨了英语和波兰语中典型基本情绪词汇化（如 、 、 、 、 、 ）概念化方面的差异。研究收集并分析了具体性、可想象性和语境可用性的测量数据，这些数据涉及基本情绪的六个语义类别、不同词性以及研究参与者自我认定的性别。初步结果表明，在这些认知维度内，英语和波兰语中基本情绪的概念化仅在更一般的层面上相似，而在更高层次的概念化上则不然。积极情绪与消极情绪之间的民间心理学划分以及词性在波兰语和英语的基本情绪概念中呈现出相似的模式。然而，在包括特定基本情绪语义类别和自我认定性别的更高层次概念化上，明显的语言特异性差异变得显著。不同的消极情绪导致了波兰语和英语中的统计差异，并且性别对具体性、可想象性和语境可用性测量的影响在两种语言中是相反的。换句话说，基本情绪在不同语言和文化间交流时可能大致相互理解，但并不完全相同。
