de Oliveira Francine, Corrêa Neto Victor Gonçalves, de Mello Ricardo Castro Ferreira, Miranda Humberto
Laboratório de Desempenho, Treinamento e Exercício Físico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2024 Sep 24;22(2):e20231123. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2023-1123. eCollection 2024 Apr-Jun.
Throughout a lifeguard's career, regardless of age, the physical demands of performing a water rescue are likely to remain constant.
To establish a physical fitness profile by age group of a sample composed of professional beach lifeguards who regularly engage in physical activity.
One hundred and seventy-two lifeguards were initially recruited for this study. Data from 99 male lifeguards were provided for analysis. Anthropometric measurements, lower limb strength, and handgrip measurements were taken at the initial visit. During a second visit, running tests were performed on sand. All testing procedures followed the same predefined sequence for all individuals.
One-way analysis of variance with post hoc Bonferroni or Kruskal-Wallis adjusted analysis was performed to assess differences between age groups depending on the exact variable. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. There were statistically significant differences in all power and velocity performance parameters as well as body fat percentage with better results found in the younger age groups (20-29;30-39) compared to an older age group (40-49). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups for handgrip strength.
The results of the present study indicate significant differences in physical fitness between different age groups. The authors suggest that the squat jump, countermovement jump, 20-meter linear sprint test, zigzag change-of-direction test, and running anaerobic sprint test assessment should be used as screening tools for fitness.
在救生员的整个职业生涯中，无论年龄大小，进行水上救援的身体需求可能保持不变。
通过对一组经常进行体育活动的专业海滩救生员按年龄组建立身体素质概况。
本研究最初招募了172名救生员。提供了99名男性救生员的数据用于分析。在初次就诊时进行人体测量、下肢力量和握力测量。在第二次就诊时，在沙滩上进行跑步测试。所有测试程序对所有个体都遵循相同的预定义顺序。
根据确切变量，进行了带有事后Bonferroni或Kruskal-Wallis校正分析的单因素方差分析，以评估年龄组之间的差异。显著性水平设定为p≤0.05。在所有力量和速度性能参数以及身体脂肪百分比方面存在统计学上的显著差异，与较年长的年龄组（40 - 49岁）相比，较年轻的年龄组（20 - 29岁；30 - 39岁）的结果更好。然而，各年龄组之间的握力没有统计学上的显著差异。
本研究结果表明不同年龄组之间的身体素质存在显著差异。作者建议深蹲跳、反向移动跳、20米直线冲刺测试、之字形变向测试和跑步无氧冲刺测试评估应作为健康状况的筛查工具。
