Raturi Adi, Chandran Suresh
University of Glasgow School of Medicine, Glasgow, UK.
Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2024 Sep 25;18:11795565241281337. doi: 10.1177/11795565241281337. eCollection 2024.
Neonatal sepsis, a bloodstream infection in the first 28 days of life, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants in both developing and developed countries. Additionally, sepsis is distinguished in neonates by unique pathophysiological and presentational factors relating to its development in immature neonatal immune systems. This review focuses on the current understanding of the mechanics and implications of neonatal sepsis, providing a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, aetiology, pathophysiology, major risk factors, signs and symptoms and recent consensus on the diagnosis and management of both early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis. It also includes a discussion on novel biomarkers and upcoming treatment strategies for the condition as well as the potential of COVID-19 infection to progress to sepsis in infants.
新生儿败血症是指出生后28天内发生的血流感染，在发展中国家和发达国家都是婴儿发病和死亡的主要原因。此外，由于新生儿免疫系统不成熟，败血症在新生儿中具有独特的病理生理和表现因素。本综述重点介绍了目前对新生儿败血症的机制及其影响的认识，全面概述了早发型和晚发型新生儿败血症的流行病学、病因学、病理生理学、主要危险因素、体征和症状，以及诊断和治疗的最新共识。它还讨论了该疾病的新型生物标志物和即将出现的治疗策略，以及COVID-19感染在婴儿中进展为败血症的可能性。
