以患者为中心的营养支持和身体活动干预方案在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用：系统评价。
Nutritional Support and Physical Activity Intervention Programs with a Person-Centred Approach in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a Scoping Review.
机构信息
Department of Medical Diseases, Amager Hvidovre Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Public Health, Section of Nursing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
出版信息
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2024 Oct 2;19:2193-2216. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S458289. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
The knowledge is sparse in the literature on intervention programs using nutritional support and physical activity for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within a person-centred approach. We aimed to explore and map the existing evidence on intervention programs with a person-centred approach, focusing on nutritional support and physical activity for people with COPD.
METHODS
A scoping review was conducted using Arksey & O'Malley's methodological framework. A search in the databases CINAHL and PubMed, and a grey literature search, was conducted in June 2022 and updated in June 2023. We identified studies published between 2012 and 2023. The PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews, supported by The PAGER framework was used for reporting the method.
RESULTS
A total of 15 studies were included. The primary interventions comprised behavior of change or self-management, addressing needs assessment, motivation, personal goals, education, and physical activity. Health-related quality of life and hospital stay displayed no clinically significant variances. However, eight studies demonstrated differences in physical function and activity levels. Nutritional outcomes were addressed in one study, and three studies involved relatives.
CONCLUSION
This scoping review addresses a knowledge gap in nutritional support interventions with a person-centred approach. It indicates that there is a need to increase nutritional support and consider the patient's physical and social environmental resources within Behavior of change or Self-management intervention programs for patients with COPD. The review found no clinical effect on health-related quality of life, although there were some effects on physical activity. The results highlight how the interdisciplinary team can include the patients' resources when structuring the management of COPD by applying a person-centred approach.
背景
在以患者为中心的方法中，针对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者使用营养支持和身体活动的干预方案的文献中，知识相对较少。我们旨在探索和绘制现有的以患者为中心的干预方案的证据，重点关注慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的营养支持和身体活动。
方法
采用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的方法学框架进行范围综述。2022 年 6 月在 CINAHL 和 PubMed 数据库中进行了检索，并于 2023 年 6 月进行了灰色文献检索。我们确定了 2012 年至 2023 年期间发表的研究。使用 PRISMA 清单进行综述报告，该清单得到了 PAGER 框架的支持。
结果
共纳入 15 项研究。主要干预措施包括行为改变或自我管理、需求评估、动机、个人目标、教育和身体活动。健康相关生活质量和住院时间没有显示出临床显著差异。然而，八项研究显示出身体功能和活动水平的差异。一项研究涉及营养结果，三项研究涉及亲属。
结论
本范围综述解决了以患者为中心的方法中营养支持干预措施的知识差距。这表明，需要增加营养支持，并在针对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的行为改变或自我管理干预方案中考虑患者的身体和社会环境资源。综述发现，健康相关生活质量没有临床影响，尽管对身体活动有一些影响。结果强调了多学科团队如何通过应用以患者为中心的方法来构建慢性阻塞性肺疾病的管理时，可以纳入患者的资源。
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