Abid Khizar, Teodoriu Catalin, Bin Ebining Amir Muhammad Syafeeq, Leem Junghun, Riyanto Latief, Sazali Yon Azwa
Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd, Sarkeys Energy Building, Rm 1210, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.
PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd., Kuala Lumpur 50088, Malaysia.
ACS Omega. 2024 Sep 21;9(39):40411-40423. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01800. eCollection 2024 Oct 1.
To reduce the CO release in the atmosphere, the carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technique presents a solution in which the CO is captured from the emitting source and injected into a suitable geological formation in the subsurface. For the CCS project to be successful, CO must be trapped underground for hundreds of years. In that respect, good integrity plays an important role as it ensures that the injected CO remains sequestrated in the subsurface. Hence, this study presents a risk assessment technique with the help of which critical elements that can compromise the integrity of the CCS well can be identified. The approach taken for the risk assessment is based on the feature, event, and process (FEP). However, this method gives a qualitative analysis, and to convert it to a semiquantitative one, FEP is integrated with an interaction matrix, incident potential matrix (IPM), and cause-effect plot diagram. In this paper, risk assessment was conducted on two fictitious wells with different well configurations. It was found that cement and casing were the most vulnerable components, while formation water and subsidence were the most problematic elements in the given well system. It was also concluded that the number of plugs and their location in the well could increase or decrease the intensity of the risk levels in the CCS wells.
为减少大气中的二氧化碳排放，碳捕获与封存（CCS）技术提供了一种解决方案，即从排放源捕获二氧化碳并注入地下合适的地质构造中。要使CCS项目成功，二氧化碳必须被困在地下数百年。在这方面，良好的完整性起着重要作用，因为它确保注入的二氧化碳仍被封存在地下。因此，本研究提出了一种风险评估技术，借助该技术可以识别可能损害CCS井完整性的关键因素。风险评估采用的方法基于特征、事件和过程（FEP）。然而，该方法给出的是定性分析，为了将其转换为半定量分析，FEP与相互作用矩阵、事件潜在矩阵（IPM）和因果关系图相结合。本文对两口具有不同井配置的虚拟井进行了风险评估。结果发现，水泥和套管是最脆弱的部件，而地层水和地面沉降是给定井系统中最成问题的因素。研究还得出结论，封堵器的数量及其在井中的位置可能会增加或降低CCS井中风险水平的强度。
