Wang Yujia, Lei Kaixin, Zhao Lijun, Zhang Yong
Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward General Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems Genetics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.
MedComm (2020). 2024 Oct 4;5(10):e760. doi: 10.1002/mco2.760. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Glycoproteins, representing a significant proportion of posttranslational products, play pivotal roles in various biological processes, such as signal transduction and immune response. Abnormal glycosylation may lead to structural and functional changes of glycoprotein, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. Consequently, exploring protein glycosylation can shed light on the mechanisms behind disease manifestation and pave the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, the study of clinical glycoproteomics is fraught with challenges due to the low abundance and intricate structures of glycosylation. Recent advancements in mass spectrometry-based clinical glycoproteomics have improved our ability to identify abnormal glycoproteins in clinical samples. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the foundational principles and recent advancements in clinical glycoproteomic methodologies and applications. Furthermore, we discussed the typical characteristics, underlying functions, and mechanisms of glycoproteins in various diseases, such as brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, kidney diseases, and metabolic diseases. Additionally, we highlighted potential avenues for future development in clinical glycoproteomics. These insights provided in this review will enhance the comprehension of clinical glycoproteomic methods and diseases and promote the elucidation of pathogenesis and the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
糖蛋白占翻译后产物的很大比例，在各种生物过程中发挥关键作用，如信号转导和免疫反应。糖基化异常可能导致糖蛋白的结构和功能改变，这与各种疾病的发生和发展密切相关。因此，探索蛋白质糖基化可以揭示疾病表现背后的机制，并为创新的诊断和治疗策略铺平道路。尽管如此，由于糖基化的低丰度和复杂结构，临床糖蛋白质组学的研究充满挑战。基于质谱的临床糖蛋白质组学的最新进展提高了我们在临床样本中鉴定异常糖蛋白的能力。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面概述临床糖蛋白质组学方法和应用的基本原理和最新进展。此外，我们讨论了糖蛋白在各种疾病中的典型特征、潜在功能和机制，如脑部疾病、心血管疾病、癌症、肾脏疾病和代谢疾病。此外，我们强调了临床糖蛋白质组学未来发展的潜在途径。这篇综述提供的这些见解将增进对临床糖蛋白质组学方法和疾病的理解，并促进对发病机制的阐明以及新型诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的发现。
