Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Sep 20;14:1434687. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1434687. eCollection 2024.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that affects premature infants and leads to long-term pulmonary complications. The pathogenesis of BPD has not been fully elucidated yet. In recent years, the microbiome and its metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in the gut and lungs have been demonstrated to be involved in the development and progression of the disease. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the potential involvement of the microbiome and SCFAs, especially the latter, in the development and progression of BPD. First, we introduce the gut-lung axis, the production and functions of SCFAs, and the role of SCFAs in lung health and diseases. We then discuss the evidence supporting the involvement of the microbiome and SCFAs in BPD. Finally, we elaborate on the potential mechanisms of the microbiome and SCFAs in BPD, including immune modulation, epigenetic regulation, enhancement of barrier function, and modulation of surfactant production and the gut microbiome. This review could advance our understanding of the microbiome and SCFAs in the pathogenesis of BPD, which also helps identify new therapeutic targets and facilitate new drug development.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是一种影响早产儿并导致长期肺部并发症的慢性肺部疾病。BPD 的发病机制尚未完全阐明。近年来，肠道和肺部的微生物组及其代谢物，特别是短链脂肪酸（SCFAs），已被证明参与了疾病的发生和发展。本综述旨在总结微生物组和 SCFAs（特别是后者）在 BPD 发生和发展中的潜在作用的现有知识。首先，我们介绍了肠-肺轴、SCFAs 的产生和功能以及 SCFAs 在肺部健康和疾病中的作用。然后，我们讨论了支持微生物组和 SCFAs 参与 BPD 的证据。最后，我们详细阐述了微生物组和 SCFAs 在 BPD 中的潜在作用机制，包括免疫调节、表观遗传调控、增强屏障功能以及调节表面活性剂产生和肠道微生物组。本综述可以增进我们对微生物组和 SCFAs 在 BPD 发病机制中的认识，这也有助于确定新的治疗靶点并促进新药的开发。
