Filomena Velandia David, Aranda Rodríguez Ester, Garrido Albaina Amaia, Clotas Catrina, Bartroli Checa Montse, Pasarín Rua M Isabel, Gotsens Mercè
Departament de Prevenció i Atenció a les Drogodependències, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain.
Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2024 Nov;50(6):841-850. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2404242. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
The concurrence of homelessness and alcohol use disorder (AUD) has negative consequences in affected individuals. Managed alcohol programs (MAPs), a harm reduction strategy based on providing regular doses of alcohol to individuals with AUD, have emerged as a potential solution to reduce alcohol-related harms. This study examined the impact of a MAP implemented in Barcelona on patterns of alcohol and other psychoactive substance use, health, and quality of life among people who use drugs and were experiencing homelessness. The research also incorporated a gender perspective and focused on individuals who had accessed a residential center. A descriptive qualitative design was used, employing semi-structured interviews with eight participants who were enrolled in the MAP (three women, five men) and four program professionals. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the resulting data. The domains guiding the study appeared as outcome themes: patterns of use of alcohol and other substances, health, quality of life and impact on female-identified participants. Participants reported improved health due to reduced consumption of alcohol and other substances, better anxiety management, and reconnection to health services. The participants reported enhanced quality of life, including feeling safer, and better use of time, which had been spent on meeting their basic needs. Women reported that a key benefit of the program was living in a sexism-free environment. These results appear to demonstrate that harm reduction strategies prioritizing basic needs and adopting a gender-sensitive perspective can positively impact the health and quality of life of people experiencing homelessness with AUD.
无家可归与酒精使用障碍（AUD）并存会给受影响的个人带来负面后果。管理式酒精项目（MAPs）作为一种减少伤害的策略，基于向患有酒精使用障碍的个人定期提供酒精，已成为减少与酒精相关危害的一种潜在解决方案。本研究考察了在巴塞罗那实施的一个管理式酒精项目对吸毒且无家可归者的酒精及其他精神活性物质使用模式、健康状况和生活质量的影响。该研究还纳入了性别视角，并聚焦于那些进入过一个住宿中心的个人。研究采用了描述性定性设计，对八名参与管理式酒精项目的参与者（三名女性、五名男性）和四名项目专业人员进行了半结构化访谈。采用主题分析法对所得数据进行分析。指导该研究的领域呈现为结果主题：酒精及其他物质的使用模式、健康、生活质量以及对女性参与者的影响。参与者报告称，由于酒精和其他物质的消费减少、焦虑管理得到改善以及重新与医疗服务建立联系，健康状况有所改善。参与者报告生活质量得到提高，包括感觉更安全以及更好地利用原本用于满足基本需求的时间。女性报告称该项目的一个关键益处是生活在一个没有性别歧视的环境中。这些结果似乎表明，优先考虑基本需求并采用性别敏感视角的减少伤害策略能够对患有酒精使用障碍的无家可归者的健康和生活质量产生积极影响。
