Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2025 Jan 1;267:116820. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116820. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
The global demand for rapid and non-invasive diagnostic methods for respiratory diseases has significantly intensified due to the wide spread of respiratory infectious diseases. Recent advancements in respiratory disease diagnosis through the analysis of exhaled breath and saliva has attracted great attention all over the world. Among various analytical methods, biosensors can offer non-invasive, efficient, and cost-effective diagnostic capabilities, emerging as promising tools in this area. This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of various biosensors for the detection of respiratory disease related biomarkers in exhaled breath and saliva. Firstly, the characteristics of exhaled breath and saliva, including their generation, composition, and relevant biomarkers are introduced. Subsequently, the design and application of various biosensors for detecting these biomarkers are presented, along with the innovative materials employed as sensitive components. Different types of biosensors are reviewed, including electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, semiconductor, and other novel biosensors. At last, the challenges, limitations, and future trends of these biosensors are discussed. It is anticipated that biosensors will play a significant role in respiratory disease diagnosis in the future.
由于呼吸道传染病的广泛传播，全球对快速、非侵入性诊断呼吸道疾病方法的需求显著增加。通过分析呼气和唾液进行呼吸道疾病诊断方面的最新进展引起了全世界的关注。在各种分析方法中，生物传感器可以提供非侵入性、高效和具有成本效益的诊断功能，成为该领域有前途的工具。本文旨在全面概述用于检测呼气和唾液中与呼吸道疾病相关生物标志物的各种生物传感器。首先，介绍了呼气和唾液的特征，包括它们的产生、组成和相关生物标志物。随后，展示了用于检测这些生物标志物的各种生物传感器的设计和应用，以及用作敏感组件的创新材料。综述了不同类型的生物传感器，包括电化学、光学、压电、半导体和其他新型生物传感器。最后，讨论了这些生物传感器的挑战、限制和未来趋势。预计生物传感器将在未来的呼吸道疾病诊断中发挥重要作用。
