基于信使核糖核酸的癌症疫苗：进展与前景

mRNA-Based Cancer Vaccines: Advancements and Prospects.

作者信息

Wu Lijin, Yi Weicheng, Yao Shiyu, Xie Sitao, Peng Ruizi, Zhang Jing, Tan Weihong

机构信息

The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.

School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.

出版信息

Nano Lett. 2024 Oct 7. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03296.

DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03296

PMID:39375146

Abstract

The success of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines has reinvigorated research and interest in mRNA-based cancer vaccines. Despite promising results in clinical trials, therapeutic mRNA-based cancer vaccines have not yet been approved for human use. These vaccines are designed to trigger tumor regression, establish enduring antitumor memory, and mitigate adverse reactions. However, challenges such as tumor-induced immunosuppression and immunoresistance significantly hinder their application. Here, we provide an overview of the recent advances of neoantigen discovery and delivery systems for mRNA vaccines, focusing on improving clinical efficacy. Additionally, we summarize the recent clinical advances involving mRNA cancer vaccines and discuss prospective strategies for overcoming immuneresistance.

摘要

新冠mRNA疫苗的成功重振了对基于mRNA的癌症疫苗的研究及兴趣。尽管在临床试验中取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但基于mRNA的治疗性癌症疫苗尚未获批用于人类。这些疫苗旨在引发肿瘤消退、建立持久的抗肿瘤记忆并减轻不良反应。然而，肿瘤诱导的免疫抑制和免疫抗性等挑战严重阻碍了它们的应用。在此，我们概述了用于mRNA疫苗的新抗原发现和递送系统的最新进展，重点是提高临床疗效。此外，我们总结了涉及mRNA癌症疫苗的近期临床进展，并讨论克服免疫抗性的前瞻性策略。