Huey Samantha L, Islam Saiful, Mehta Neel H, Konieczynski Elsa M, Friesen Valerie M, Krisher Jesse T, Mbuya Mduduzi N N, Monterrosa Eva C, Nyangaresi Annette M, Mehta Saurabh
Center for Precision Nutrition and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Nutr Res Rev. 2025 Jun;38(1):371-392. doi: 10.1017/S0954422424000258. Epub 2024 Oct 8.
Biofortification - the process of increasing the concentrations of essential nutrients in staple crops - is a means of addressing the burden of micronutrient deficiencies at a population level via existing food systems, such as smallholder farms. To realise its potential for global impact, we need to understand the factors that are associated with decisions to adopt biofortified crops and food products. We searched the literature to identify adoption determinants, i.e. barriers to (factors negatively associated) or facilitators of (factors positively associated) adoption, of biofortified crops and food products. We found 41 studies reporting facilitator(s) and/or barrier(s) of adoption. We categorised the factors using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research 2.0, resulting in a set of factors that enable or constrain adoption of biofortified foods across twenty-four constructs and five domains of this meta-theoretical determinant framework from implementation science. Facilitators of orange sweet potato adoption included knowledge about importance, relative advantage, efficient production and management practices; barriers included lacking timely access to quality vines and market remoteness (28 studies total). Facilitators of vitamin A cassava adoption included awareness of its benefits and access to information; barriers included poor road networks and scarcity of improved technology including inadequate processing/storage facilities (8). Facilitators of high-iron bean adoption included farmers' networking and high farming experience; barriers included low knowledge of bean biofortification (8). Barriers to vitamin A maize adoption included low awareness and concerns regarding yield, texture and aflatoxin contamination (1). These barriers and facilitators may be a starting point for researchers to move towards testing implementation strategies and/or for policymakers to consider before planning scale-up and continuous optimisation of ongoing projects promoting adoption of biofortified crops and food products.
生物强化——提高主粮作物中必需营养素浓度的过程——是通过现有粮食系统（如小农户农场）在人群层面解决微量营养素缺乏负担的一种手段。为了实现其对全球的影响潜力，我们需要了解与采用生物强化作物和食品的决策相关的因素。我们检索了文献，以确定生物强化作物和食品采用的决定因素，即采用的障碍（负相关因素）或促进因素（正相关因素）。我们发现41项研究报告了采用的促进因素和/或障碍。我们使用实施研究综合框架2.0对这些因素进行了分类，得出了一组因素，这些因素在实施科学的这个元理论决定因素框架的24个结构和5个领域中促进或限制了生物强化食品的采用。橙色甘薯采用的促进因素包括对其重要性、相对优势、高效生产和管理实践的了解；障碍包括缺乏及时获得优质藤蔓的途径和市场偏远（共28项研究）。维生素A木薯采用的促进因素包括对其益处的认识和信息获取；障碍包括道路网络差和改良技术稀缺，包括加工/储存设施不足（8项）。高铁豆采用的促进因素包括农民网络和丰富的种植经验；障碍包括对豆类生物强化的了解不足（8项）。维生素A玉米采用的障碍包括认识不足以及对产量、质地和黄曲霉毒素污染的担忧（1项）。这些障碍和促进因素可能是研究人员开展实施策略测试的起点，或者是政策制定者在规划扩大规模和持续优化促进生物强化作物和食品采用的现有项目之前需要考虑的因素。
