Gill Randip, Karim Mohammad Ehsanul, Puyat Joseph H, Guhn Martin, Petteni Monique Gagné, Oberle Eva, Janus Magdalena, Georgiades Katholiki, Gadermann Anne M
Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J Adolesc. 2025 Jan;97(1):165-179. doi: 10.1002/jad.12408. Epub 2024 Oct 8.
This study examined whether poverty (neighborhood and household) was associated with future health or life satisfaction outcomes and whether the association operated through social support (adult support at home, adult support at school, peer belonging), or differed by the immigration background (nonimmigrant family or immigrant family) of the family.
This study utilized a retrospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort that included self-reported survey data from the Middle Years Development Instrument (MDI) completed by children at age 9 and age 12, linked to administrative records. Participants included 5906 children in British Columbia, Canada. Neighborhood and household poverty were observed at age 8. Social support from adults and peers was self-reported at age 9. Outcomes (overall health; life satisfaction) were self-reported at age 12. Adjusted multi-level multiple linear regression analyses and parallel mediation analyses were utilized. The interaction between poverty exposure and immigration background was also examined.
Exposure to either poverty type was associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and overall health at age 12, though household poverty appeared to be associated with lower outcomes in comparison to neighborhood poverty. The indirect effects of poverty on outcomes appeared to operate primarily through adult support at home and peer belonging. Children in immigrant families had a larger negative association between neighborhood poverty and life satisfaction.
Household poverty had a larger negative association to outcomes in comparison to neighborhood poverty. The association of poverty to outcomes differed by immigration background and operated partially through adult support at home and peer belonging.
本研究考察了贫困（邻里贫困和家庭贫困）是否与未来的健康或生活满意度结果相关，以及这种关联是否通过社会支持（家庭中的成人支持、学校中的成人支持、同伴归属感）起作用，或者是否因家庭的移民背景（非移民家庭或移民家庭）而有所不同。
本研究采用了一项基于人群的回顾性纵向队列研究，其中包括9岁和12岁儿童填写的中年发展量表（MDI）的自我报告调查数据，并与行政记录相链接。参与者包括加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的5906名儿童。8岁时观察邻里贫困和家庭贫困情况。9岁时自我报告来自成人和同伴的社会支持。12岁时自我报告结果（总体健康状况；生活满意度）。采用了调整后的多层次多元线性回归分析和平行中介分析。还考察了贫困暴露与移民背景之间的相互作用。
12岁时，暴露于任何一种贫困类型都与较低的生活满意度和总体健康状况相关，不过与邻里贫困相比，家庭贫困似乎与更低的结果相关。贫困对结果产生的间接影响似乎主要通过家庭中的成人支持和同伴归属感起作用。移民家庭的儿童在邻里贫困与生活满意度之间的负相关更大。
与邻里贫困相比，家庭贫困与结果之间的负相关更大。贫困与结果之间的关联因移民背景而异，并且部分通过家庭中的成人支持和同伴归属感起作用。
