Rabast U, Heskamp R
Infusionsther Klin Ernahr. 1985 Dec;12(6):287-91.
110 patients aged 70.9 +/- 2.0 years were tube-fed over an averaged period of 24.5 +/- 4.3 days. The side-effects observed included diarrhea (8%), edema in dependent parts (7%), elevated blood glucose levels (2%), nausea and vomiting (3%), and esophagitis in the distal esophagus (2%). The primary finding in 12% of all placements was a potentially hazardous tube position unsuitable for alimentation. In all cases, the described side-effects could be well controlled or were transient in nature, and there were none severe enough to present a serious threat to the patient. Considering the overall treatment period of 2,683 days, tube-feeding when put into relation to the total cost of DM 31,360.-proves to be a less expensive and less hazardous alternative to parenteral nutrition.
110名年龄为70.9±2.0岁的患者接受了平均24.5±4.3天的管饲。观察到的副作用包括腹泻（8%）、下垂部位水肿（7%）、血糖水平升高（2%）、恶心和呕吐（3%）以及远端食管炎（2%）。所有置管病例中12%的主要发现是存在不利于营养供给的潜在危险管位。在所有病例中，所描述的副作用都能够得到很好的控制或具有一过性，且没有严重到对患者构成严重威胁的情况。考虑到整个2683天的治疗期，与31360德国马克的总费用相比，管饲被证明是一种比肠外营养成本更低且风险更小的替代方法。
