University of Latvia, Residency Programme in Psychiatry, Riga, Latvia,
Psychiatr Danub. 2024 Sep;36(Suppl 2):61-67.
This study aims to investigate the association of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and depressive symptoms on suicidality in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) in the Outpatient Consultative Department of the Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology (RPNC).
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in adult outpatients with SCZ who had not been hospitalized for at least three months. Suicidality was assessed using the Risk Assessment Suicidality Scale (RASS). Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and ACE were investigated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF). Statistical methods used: Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test.
In total 60 outpatients diagnosed with SCZ were interviewed. It was found that the association between ACE and the frequency of suicide attempts in the study participants during lifetime was statistically significant (χ=7.255, p=0.027). Self-harm attempts during whole life also differed between participants with and without childhood abuse history (χ=9.902, p=0.002). Suicidal ideation was observed statistically significantly more often in patients with ACE in comparison with those without ACE (χ=24.935, p<0.001). Patients with positive childhood abuse history were also observed to be depressed more often (χ=4.659, p=0.031) in comparison with patients without ACE. Suicidal ideation was found to be more frequent among respondents who were observed to be depressed (CDSS score > 6) during the interview (χ=14.614, p<0.001).
This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on suicide attempts, suicidal ideation, and the prevalence of depression in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) who have a history of childhood abuse. Findings indicate that suicidal ideation is more prevalent among patients experiencing depression at the time of the interview. Personalized interventions are recommended for patients with SCZ who have adverse childhood experiences (ACE) due to their increased risk of suicide attempts.
本研究旨在调查拉脱维亚精神病学和毒理学中心（RPNC）门诊咨询部门的精神分裂症（SCZ）患者中，不良童年经历（ACE）与抑郁症状对自杀意念的关联。
进行了一项描述性横断面研究，纳入至少三个月未住院的成年 SCZ 门诊患者。使用自杀风险评估量表（RASS）评估自杀意念。使用卡尔加里精神分裂症抑郁量表（CDSS）评估抑郁症状，使用儿童创伤问卷-短式（CTQ-SF）评估 ACE。统计方法：卡方检验，Fisher 确切检验。
共访谈了 60 名被诊断为 SCZ 的门诊患者。研究结果发现，ACE 与研究参与者一生中自杀未遂的频率之间存在统计学关联（χ=7.255，p=0.027）。参与者中，童年期虐待史与一生自伤史的发生也存在差异（χ=9.902，p=0.002）。与无 ACE 者相比，ACE 阳性患者的自杀意念更为常见（χ=24.935，p<0.001）。与无 ACE 者相比，有阳性童年虐待史的患者也更为抑郁（χ=4.659，p=0.031）。在访谈期间，抑郁（CDSS 评分>6）的受访者中，自杀意念更为常见（χ=14.614，p<0.001）。
本研究有助于了解有童年虐待史的精神分裂症（SCZ）患者自杀未遂、自杀意念和抑郁的患病率。研究结果表明，在访谈时患有抑郁的患者中，自杀意念更为常见。建议对有 ACE 的 SCZ 患者进行个性化干预，因为他们有更高的自杀未遂风险。
