Mao Jingying, Wu Chengxi, Zheng Lixin, Li Yaoyao, Yang Ronghao, Yuan Ping, Jiang Jun, Li Chunhong, Zhou Xiangyu
Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2025 Jan;245:114298. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114298. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
Atherosclerosis (AS), an inflammatory cardiovascular disease driven by lipid deposition, presents global prevalence with high mortality. Effective anti-inflammatory or lipid removal is a promising strategy. However, current conventional drug delivery methods may face challenges in targeting disease sites and are deficient in the treatment of AS because of the nonspecific tissue distribution and uncontrollable release of the drug. In contrast, stimulus-responsive nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) can respond to stimulation and achieve controlled drug release rates at specific disease sites owing to the abnormal pathological microenvironment in plaques with low pH, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enzymes, and high shear stress. As a consequence, the efficacy of treatment is improved, and adverse reactions are reduced. On the other hand, NDDSs can combine exogenous stimulus responses (photothermal, ultrasound, etc.) to precisely control their function in time and space. This review for the first time focuses on the application of stimulus-responsive NDDSs in the treatment and diagnosis of AS in the last five years. In addition, its pivotal challenges and prospects are emphasized, aiming to facilitate its application for AS.
动脉粥样硬化（AS）是一种由脂质沉积驱动的炎症性心血管疾病，全球患病率高，死亡率也高。有效的抗炎或降脂是一种很有前景的策略。然而，目前传统的药物递送方法在靶向疾病部位方面可能面临挑战，并且由于药物的非特异性组织分布和不可控释放，在AS治疗中存在不足。相比之下，刺激响应性纳米药物递送系统（NDDSs）可以对刺激做出反应，并由于斑块中异常的病理微环境（低pH值、过量的活性氧（ROS）和酶以及高剪切应力）而在特定疾病部位实现可控的药物释放速率。因此，提高了治疗效果，减少了不良反应。另一方面，NDDSs可以结合外源性刺激响应（光热、超声等）来精确控制其在时间和空间上的功能。本综述首次聚焦于过去五年刺激响应性NDDSs在AS治疗和诊断中的应用。此外，强调了其关键挑战和前景，旨在促进其在AS中的应用。
