IBE, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. PRBB, C. Doctor Aiguader N88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
Research Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Département de Biologie des Organismes, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Commun Biol. 2024 Oct 8;7(1):1283. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06901-3.
Despite showing the greatest primate diversity on the planet, genomic studies on Amazonian primates show very little representation in the literature. With 48 geolocalized high coverage whole genomes from wild uakari monkeys, we present the first population-level study on platyrrhines using whole genome data. In a very restricted range of the Amazon rainforest, eight uakari species (Cacajao genus) have been described and categorized into the bald and black uakari groups, based on phenotypic and ecological differences. Despite a slight habitat overlap, we show that posterior to their split 0.92 Mya, bald and black uakaris have remained independent, without gene flow. Nowadays, these two groups present distinct genetic diversity and group-specific variation linked to pathogens. We propose differing hydrology patterns and effectiveness of geographic barriers have modulated the intra-group connectivity and structure of bald and black uakari populations. With this work we have explored the effects of the Amazon rainforest's dynamism on wild primates' genetics and increased the representation of platyrrhine genomes, thus opening the door to future research on the complexity and diversity of primate genomics.
尽管在地球上展示了最多的灵长类多样性，但对亚马逊灵长类动物的基因组研究在文献中几乎没有代表性。我们从野生卷尾猴中获得了 48 个具有高地理定位覆盖的全基因组，这是首次使用全基因组数据对阔鼻猴进行的群体水平研究。在亚马逊雨林的一个非常有限的范围内，已经描述了八种卷尾猴物种（Cacajao 属），并根据表型和生态差异分为秃猴和黑面卷尾猴两个组。尽管栖息地略有重叠，但我们发现它们在 0.92 百万年前分裂后一直保持独立，没有基因流动。如今，这两个群体表现出明显的遗传多样性和与病原体相关的群体特异性变异。我们提出不同的水文模式和地理障碍的有效性调节了秃猴和黑面卷尾猴群体的内部连接性和结构。通过这项工作，我们探索了亚马逊雨林动态对野生灵长类动物遗传学的影响，并增加了阔鼻猴基因组的代表性，从而为未来研究灵长类基因组的复杂性和多样性开辟了道路。
