Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
J Headache Pain. 2024 Oct 8;25(1):172. doi: 10.1186/s10194-024-01869-1.
Headache disorders, including migraine, pose a significant burden globally, with varying prevalence rates across different regions. However, research on migraine in Nigeria and other low-income countries is limited. Understanding the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of migraine in Nigeria is essential for informing healthcare policies and improving patient care.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing literature on migraine prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes in Nigeria. Eligible studies were identified through comprehensive searches of multiple electronic databases and grey literature sources. Studies reporting migraine prevalence, diagnostic criteria, treatment modalities, and outcomes were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed following established guidelines.
Ten studies involving 7,768 participants met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of migraine headache in Nigeria was calculated to be 16% (95% CI = 7-28), with significant heterogeneity observed among studies (I² = 99.35%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher prevalence of migraine among women compared to men. Common triggers for migraine included physical activity, sleep deprivation, mental and physical fatigue, and emotional stress. Treatment modalities varied, with simple analgesics, NSAIDs, ergotamine derivatives, and amitriptyline being commonly used. However, many participants reported inadequate pain relief or significant side effects, highlighting the need for improved management strategies.
The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis underscore the significant burden of migraine in Nigeria and the need for improved healthcare policies and interventions. Addressing gaps in access to specialized care and implementing more effective treatment regimens could help alleviate the burden of migraine on individuals and healthcare systems in Nigeria. Further research is needed to standardize diagnostic criteria and methodologies and provide more reliable prevalence estimates.
头痛障碍，包括偏头痛，在全球范围内造成了巨大负担，不同地区的患病率也不同。然而，尼日利亚和其他低收入国家的偏头痛研究有限。了解尼日利亚偏头痛的患病率、特征和治疗结果对于制定卫生保健政策和改善患者护理至关重要。
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在综合尼日利亚偏头痛患病率、特征和治疗结果的现有文献。通过对多个电子数据库和灰色文献来源进行全面搜索，确定了符合条件的研究。纳入报告偏头痛患病率、诊断标准、治疗方式和结局的研究。按照既定指南进行数据提取和质量评估。
符合纳入标准并纳入荟萃分析的研究有 10 项，涉及 7768 名参与者。尼日利亚偏头痛头痛的总患病率计算为 16%（95%CI=7-28），研究之间存在显著的异质性（I²=99.35%，P<0.001）。亚组分析显示，偏头痛在女性中的患病率高于男性。偏头痛的常见诱因包括体力活动、睡眠剥夺、精神和身体疲劳以及情绪压力。治疗方式多种多样，常用的有简单镇痛药、非甾体抗炎药、麦角胺衍生物和阿米替林。然而，许多参与者报告疼痛缓解不足或有明显的副作用，这突出表明需要改进管理策略。
本系统评价和荟萃分析的结果强调了偏头痛在尼日利亚的巨大负担，需要改善卫生保健政策和干预措施。解决获得专科护理的差距并实施更有效的治疗方案，可能有助于减轻偏头痛给尼日利亚个人和卫生保健系统带来的负担。需要进一步的研究来规范诊断标准和方法，并提供更可靠的患病率估计。
