Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
Pathol Res Pract. 2024 Nov;263:155613. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155613. Epub 2024 Oct 5.
Lung cancer is a deadly disease, causing nearly 20 % of all cancer deaths globally. A key factor in lung cancer's development and resistance to treatment is hypoxia, a condition where tumor cells experience low oxygen levels. In this low-oxygen environment, special molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) become critical players. NcRNAs, including lncRNAs, miRNAs, circRNAs, and siRNAs, control how genes function and how cells behave. Some ncRNAs, like HIF1A-AS2 and HOTAIR, are linked to the aggressive spread of lung cancer, making them potential targets for therapy. Others, like certain miRNAs, show promise as early detection tools due to their influence on tumor blood vessel formation and metabolism. This complex interplay between hypoxia and ncRNAs is crucial for understanding lung cancer. For example, circRNAs can control the activity of miRNAs, impacting how tumors respond to low oxygen. Additionally, siRNAs offer a potential strategy to overcome treatment resistance caused by hypoxia. By studying the intricate relationship between hypoxia and ncRNAs, scientists hope to uncover new biomarkers for lung cancer. This knowledge will pave the way for developing more effective and targeted treatments for this devastating disease.
肺癌是一种致命的疾病，导致全球近 20%的癌症死亡。肺癌的发展和对治疗的耐药性的一个关键因素是缺氧，即肿瘤细胞经历低氧水平的情况。在这种低氧环境中，特殊的分子，如非编码 RNA（ncRNA），成为关键的参与者。ncRNA，包括长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）、微小 RNA（miRNA）、环状 RNA（circRNA）和小干扰 RNA（siRNA），控制基因的功能和细胞的行为。一些 ncRNA，如 HIF1A-AS2 和 HOTAIR，与肺癌的侵袭性扩散有关，使它们成为治疗的潜在靶点。另一些 ncRNA，如某些 miRNA，由于其对肿瘤血管形成和代谢的影响，显示出作为早期检测工具的潜力。缺氧和 ncRNA 之间的这种复杂相互作用对于理解肺癌至关重要。例如，circRNA 可以控制 miRNA 的活性，影响肿瘤对低氧的反应。此外，siRNA 提供了一种克服由缺氧引起的治疗耐药性的潜在策略。通过研究缺氧和 ncRNA 之间的复杂关系，科学家们希望发现新的肺癌生物标志物。这些知识将为开发针对这种毁灭性疾病的更有效和有针对性的治疗方法铺平道路。
