College of Nursing & Research Institute of Nursing Innovation, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
Womens Health Nurs. 2024 Sep;30(3):203-215. doi: 10.4069/whn.2024.09.10. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
The increasing number of high-risk pregnancies has led to a greater emphasis on psychological well-being in nursing care. However, reducing depression does not automatically equate to increasing happiness. This study aimed to systematically examine the factors influencing happiness and depression among high-risk pregnant women in South Korea.
This correlational, cross-sectional study was based on the ecological systems theory. In total, 152 high-risk pregnant women completed a self-report survey questionnaire available online or offline. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis.
The first model (individual system) identified pregnancy stress and mindfulness as significant factors influencing both happiness and depression. The second model (microsystem) identified medical status at the time of the survey, maternal-fetal interaction, marital intimacy, and social support as additional significant factors influencing either happiness or depression. In the third model (mesosystem), maternal-fetal interaction and paternal-fetal attachment were no longer identified as significant factors. Although the fourth model (exosystem) did not identify community service as a significant factor, individual (pregnancy stress, mindfulness) and microsystem (marital intimacy) factors were found to influence happiness and depression. Medical status at the time of survey and social support were additional factors that influenced happiness, but not depression. These factors explained 51.2% and 55.5% of the variance in happiness and depression, respectively, among high-risk pregnant women.
Different factors at the individual and microsystem levels affected happiness and depression among high-risk pregnant women. Hence, efforts to reduce depression among these women should be accompanied by efforts to actively promote happiness.
高危妊娠数量的增加使得护理工作更加注重心理健康。然而，降低抑郁并不等同于增加幸福感。本研究旨在系统地考察影响韩国高危孕妇幸福感和抑郁感的因素。
这是一项基于生态系统理论的相关性、横断面研究。共有 152 名高危孕妇通过在线或线下方式完成了一份自我报告问卷调查。使用分层回归分析对数据进行分析。
第一个模型（个体系统）确定妊娠压力和正念是影响幸福感和抑郁感的重要因素。第二个模型（微系统）确定了调查时的医疗状况、母婴互动、婚姻亲密关系和社会支持是影响幸福感或抑郁感的其他重要因素。在第三个模型（中系统）中，母婴互动和父亲-胎儿依恋不再被确定为重要因素。虽然第四个模型（外系统）没有确定社区服务是一个重要因素，但个体（妊娠压力、正念）和微系统（婚姻亲密关系）因素被发现影响幸福感和抑郁感。调查时的医疗状况和社会支持是影响幸福感的其他因素，但不影响抑郁感。这些因素分别解释了高危孕妇幸福感和抑郁感变异的 51.2%和 55.5%。
个体和微系统层面的不同因素影响了高危孕妇的幸福感和抑郁感。因此，在努力降低这些妇女抑郁感的同时，应积极促进幸福感。
