Usuga-Vacca Margarita, Díaz-Báez David, Beltrán Edgar O, Cortes Andrea, Vargas-Sanchez Paula Katherine, Avila Viviana
UNICA-Caries Research Unit, Research Department, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
UIBO-Unit of Basic Oral Investigation, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
Front Oral Health. 2024 Sep 25;5:1466427. doi: 10.3389/froh.2024.1466427. eCollection 2024.
Prevalence of oral, metabolic, circulatory, and nutritional diseases has tended to increase globally. As these diseases have common contributing factors, such as unhealthy diets, evaluating their epidemiological trends and the relation between them is relevant. In Colombia, the Ministry of Health records the frequency of consultation for these diseases through the Integrated Social Protection Information System. It facilitates the evaluation of their epidemiological behavior at the population level.
To analyze and correlate the burden of oral diseases (caries and periodontitis) with respect to nutritional, circulatory and metabolic pathologies, as well as their relationships with socioeconomic indices in Colombian regions from 2016 to 2023.
This study analyzes retrospective data collected between 2016 and 2023 by the National Health Registry in Colombia (SISPRO) according to the ICD-10. Sociodemographic data and the number of disease consultations were extracted. The number of consultations for oral diseases was correlated with systemic pathologies, socioeconomic indices through the Spearman test. Associations were explored via multiple linear regressions. A Principal Component Analyses (PCA) was conducted to identify patterns between socioeconomic, oral and systemic disease variables, as well as to reduce the complexity of the analysis by creating clusters that capture the greatest possible variability in the data.
The average number of consultations per biennium was 24.550.435 being the highest number for 2018-2019. The highest percentage of consultations was related to extensive caries, followed by chronic gingivitis. Moreover, consultations for oral diseases were found to correlate with systemic pathologies. All socioeconomic indices were associated with caries and/or periodontal diseases. This study is the first in Colombia that uses national data on diagnoses assigned to medical and dental consultations. PCA revealed a clustering pattern of pathologies suggesting that they are highly associated one to each other.
Correlations between consultations for oral and systemic diseases stratified by life cycle and socioeconomic indices highlight the importance of conducting epidemiological and public health characterizations and their associations. Identifying these factors is imperative in the prevention and management of both diseases.
在全球范围内，口腔、代谢、循环和营养疾病的患病率呈上升趋势。由于这些疾病具有共同的促成因素，如不健康的饮食，因此评估它们的流行病学趋势及其相互关系具有重要意义。在哥伦比亚，卫生部通过综合社会保护信息系统记录这些疾病的咨询频率。这有助于在人群层面评估它们的流行病学行为。
分析并关联2016年至2023年哥伦比亚各地区口腔疾病（龋齿和牙周炎）相对于营养、循环和代谢疾病的负担，以及它们与社会经济指标的关系。
本研究分析了哥伦比亚国家卫生登记处（SISPRO）在2016年至2023年期间根据国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）收集的回顾性数据。提取了社会人口统计学数据和疾病咨询次数。通过Spearman检验将口腔疾病咨询次数与全身性疾病、社会经济指标进行关联。通过多元线性回归探索关联。进行主成分分析（PCA）以识别社会经济、口腔和全身性疾病变量之间的模式，并通过创建能够捕捉数据中最大可能变异性的聚类来降低分析的复杂性。
每两年的平均咨询次数为24550435次，2018 - 2019年的咨询次数最多。咨询次数占比最高的是广泛性龋齿，其次是慢性牙龈炎。此外，发现口腔疾病咨询与全身性疾病相关。所有社会经济指标均与龋齿和/或牙周疾病相关。本研究是哥伦比亚首个使用医疗和牙科咨询诊断的国家数据的研究。主成分分析揭示了疾病的聚类模式，表明它们彼此高度相关。
按生命周期和社会经济指标分层的口腔疾病与全身性疾病咨询之间的相关性凸显了进行流行病学和公共卫生特征描述及其关联的重要性。识别这些因素对于两种疾病的预防和管理至关重要。
