Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
Department of Dental Public Health and Dental Informatics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 10;19(10):e0311644. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311644. eCollection 2024.
In 2000, the Surgeon General's report highlighted that the mouth is a mirror for overall health of an individual and that disparities in oral health are directly proportionate to general health inequities. Among patients hospitalized due to COVID-19, diabetes and cardiovascular disease are the most common comorbidities; several studies support the association of these conditions with periodontal disease. This study's main aim is to assess the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations from lower socioeconomic statuses. The study also aims to assess the association of self-reported periodontal disease with COVID-19 disease course and severity. A sample population of Indiana residents with positive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 were recruited. A validated survey tool was sent to this cohort inquiring about sociodemographic distribution; co-morbid conditions, current symptoms of "long haul COVID," course of their COVID-19 infection; history of periodontal disease, existing periodontal disease symptoms, and oral hygiene habits. 209 individuals with a history of positive COVID test were returned to the survey, and association of participant characteristics and periodontal disease-related survey items with COVID-related survey items were evaluated using chi-square tests. Lower sense of smell ratings was associated with less education (p = 0.021), being unemployed/disabled (p = 0.008), worse health status (p<0.001), more frequent bleeding gums (p = 0.031), more frequent toothache (p<0.001), lower oral health rating (p = 0.002), and vaccine status (p = 0.011). Lower sense of taste ratings were associated with older age (p = 0.018), worse health (p<0.001), more frequent bleeding gums (p<0.001), more frequent mobile or loose tooth (p = 0.010), presence of gum disease (p<0.001), more frequent loss of teeth (p = 0.013), more frequent toothache (p<0.001), worse oral health (p = 0.001), teeth lost due to gum disease (p = 0.006), and vaccine status (p = 0.001). History of hospitalization due to COVID-19 was found to be associated with a history of gum disease within the past 12 months.
2000 年，《外科医生报告》强调口腔是个体整体健康的一面镜子，口腔健康的差异与一般健康的不平等成正比。在因 COVID-19 住院的患者中，糖尿病和心血管疾病是最常见的合并症；有几项研究支持这些疾病与牙周病的关联。本研究的主要目的是评估 COVID-19 大流行对社会经济地位较低人群的不成比例影响。该研究还旨在评估自我报告的牙周病与 COVID-19 病程和严重程度的关联。招募了印第安纳州 SARS-CoV-2 阳性诊断的居民样本。向该队列发送了一份经过验证的调查工具，询问社会人口分布；合并症、当前“长途 COVID”症状、COVID-19 感染过程；牙周病病史、现有的牙周病症状和口腔卫生习惯。共收回 209 名有 COVID 检测阳性史的个体，使用卡方检验评估参与者特征和牙周病相关调查项目与 COVID 相关调查项目的关联。嗅觉评分较低与受教育程度较低（p=0.021）、失业/残疾（p=0.008）、健康状况较差（p<0.001）、牙龈出血更频繁（p=0.031）、牙痛更频繁（p<0.001）、口腔健康评分较低（p=0.002）和疫苗接种状态（p=0.011）有关。味觉评分较低与年龄较大（p=0.018）、健康状况较差（p<0.001）、牙龈出血更频繁（p<0.001）、松动或活动的牙齿更频繁（p=0.010）、牙周病存在（p<0.001）、牙齿缺失更频繁（p=0.013）、牙痛更频繁（p<0.001）、口腔健康状况较差（p=0.001）、因牙周病导致的牙齿缺失（p=0.006）和疫苗接种状态（p=0.001）有关。因 COVID-19 住院的病史与过去 12 个月内的牙周病病史有关。
