使用 COSHH、SHEM-SAM 和 SQRA 方法评估向伊朗南部钻井平台供应化学品的公司中化学品的健康风险。
Assessing the health risks of chemicals in a company supplying chemicals to drilling rigs in Southern Iran using COSHH, SHEM-SAM, and SQRA methods.
机构信息
Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2024 Sep 26;12:1395695. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1395695. eCollection 2024.
Chemical industries are among the process industries and cause many risks. The present research aimed to analyze the health risks of a chemical warehouse of drilling rigs chemical Supply Company based on COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health), CHEM-SAM (Chemical Risk Management Self-Assessment Model), and SQRA (Subjective Quantified Risk Assessment) methods in 2021. The information was collected based on document review, MSDS of chemicals, processes, employees, and chemical exposure. Flammability, toxicity, allergy-causing, corrosivity, reactivity, LD50, and permissible thresholds of chemicals were also collected. The present research results showed that out of 59 main chemicals in the operational processes of the chemical warehouse of drilling rigs, 14 chemicals are flammable, 22 cause allergy responses, and three can cause death if inhaled. According to the results of the CHEM-SAM method, the employees and people outside the organization are at medium and low chemical risk based on the current management of the chemical warehouse, respectively. The results of the COSHH health assessment showed that chemicals had low, medium, high, and very high risk in 31, 13, 12, and 3 cases, respectively. The high-risk cases consisted of Ammonium Nitrate، Caustic Soda, and Poly.Aluminum.Chloride. Health risk assessment was also performed using the SQRA method, and results showed that chemicals have a very low, low, medium, high, and very high risk in 27, 12, 8, 9, and 3 cases, respectively. The results showed that the adverse health effects of chemical exposure in the drilling industry are alarming. Employees of different sectors of oil and gas industries are exposed to chemicals.
化工行业属于流程工业，会带来许多风险。本研究旨在根据 COSHH（有害物质控制）、CHEM-SAM（化学品风险管理自我评估模型）和 SQRA（主观量化风险评估）方法，于 2021 年分析钻机化学供应公司化学仓库的健康风险。信息是通过文件审查、化学品的 MSDS、工艺、员工和化学品暴露收集的。还收集了化学品的可燃性、毒性、致敏性、腐蚀性、反应性、LD50 和允许阈值。本研究结果表明，在钻机化学仓库的运营过程中，59 种主要化学品中，有 14 种具有可燃性，22 种会引起过敏反应，3 种如果吸入会导致死亡。根据 CHEM-SAM 方法的结果，在当前化学仓库的管理下，员工和组织外的人员分别面临中等和低等化学风险。COSHH 健康评估的结果表明，在 31 种情况下，化学品有低、中、高和极高风险；在 13 种情况下，化学品有中、高和极高风险；在 12 种情况下，化学品有高和极高风险；在 3 种情况下，化学品有高和极高风险。高风险的案例包括硝酸铵、苛性钠和聚合氯化铝。还使用 SQRA 方法对健康风险进行了评估，结果表明，在 27 种情况下，化学品有低、中、高和极高风险；在 12 种情况下，化学品有中、高和极高风险；在 8 种情况下，化学品有高和极高风险；在 9 种情况下，化学品有高和极高风险；在 3 种情况下，化学品有高和极高风险。结果表明，钻井行业化学暴露对健康的不良影响令人震惊。不同石油和天然气行业部门的员工都接触到了化学品。
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