Sarkar Sulogna, Prasanna Vani S, Das Pamelika, Suzuki Hiroshi, Fujihara Kazuya, Kodama Satoru, Sone Hirohito, Sreedhar Remya, Velayutham Ravichandiran, Watanabe Kenichi, Arumugam Somasundaram
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Sep 26;15:1447890. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1447890. eCollection 2024.
Metabolic compromise is crucial in aggravating age-associated chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, increased LDL and triglycerides, and elevated blood pressure. Excessive adiposity, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance due to aging are associated with elevated levels of damaging free radicals, inducing a proinflammatory state and hampering immune cell activity, leading to a malfunctioning cardiometabolic condition. The age-associated oxidative load and redox imbalance are contributing factors for cardiometabolic morbidities via vascular remodelling and endothelial damage. Recent evidence has claimed the importance of gut microbiota in maintaining regular metabolic activity, which declines with chronological aging and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Genetic mutations, polymorphic changes, and environmental factors strongly correlate with increased vulnerability to aberrant cardiometabolic changes by affecting key physiological pathways. Numerous studies have reported a robust link between biological aging and cardiometabolic dysfunction. This review outlines the scientific evidence exploring potential mechanisms behind the onset and development of cardiovascular and metabolic issues, particularly exacerbated with aging.
代谢紊乱在加剧与年龄相关的慢性炎症、氧化应激、线粒体损伤、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯升高以及血压升高中起着关键作用。衰老导致的过度肥胖、高血糖和胰岛素抵抗与破坏性自由基水平升高有关，会引发促炎状态并阻碍免疫细胞活性，导致心脏代谢功能失调。与年龄相关的氧化负荷和氧化还原失衡通过血管重塑和内皮损伤成为心脏代谢疾病的促成因素。最近的证据表明肠道微生物群在维持正常代谢活动中具有重要性，而这种重要性会随着年龄增长和心脏代谢合并症而下降。基因突变、多态性变化和环境因素通过影响关键生理途径，与心脏代谢异常变化易感性增加密切相关。众多研究报告了生物衰老与心脏代谢功能障碍之间的紧密联系。本综述概述了探索心血管和代谢问题发生及发展背后潜在机制的科学证据，这些问题在衰老过程中尤其会加剧。
