Mojaddedi Sanaullah, Jamil Javairia, Abraham Andrew, Jamil Dawood, Mansoor Hend, Elgendy Islam Y
Graduate Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA.
Internal Medicine Residency Program, HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Minerva Med. 2025 Feb;116(1):62-74. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4806.24.09242-5. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of maternal mortality. The risk of VTE in pregnant and postpartum women is ~ five times higher compared with non-pregnant women. There is a physiological tendency to a hypercoagulable state, from conception to the postpartum period. Several non-obstetric risk factors independently increase the risk of VTE. Since most signs and symptoms of VTE might mimic those of a normal pregnancy, a high index of suspicion is warranted to establish the diagnosis. D-dimer, ultrasonography and computed tomography pulmonary angiography are the primary tools for VTE diagnosis. Management mainly revolves around systemic anticoagulation with heparin. Advanced therapy options exist, but these can be considered for selected high-risk cases.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是孕产妇死亡的主要原因。与非孕期女性相比，怀孕和产后女性发生VTE的风险高出约五倍。从受孕到产后，机体存在生理性的高凝倾向。多种非产科危险因素会独立增加VTE的风险。由于VTE的大多数体征和症状可能与正常妊娠的体征和症状相似，因此需要高度怀疑才能确诊。D - 二聚体、超声检查和计算机断层扫描肺动脉造影是VTE诊断的主要手段。治疗主要围绕使用肝素进行全身抗凝。存在先进的治疗方案，但这些方案可考虑用于特定的高危病例。
