Advanced Clinical Practitioner, Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust.
Br J Nurs. 2024 Oct 10;33(18):868-875. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2024.0280.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) are both diabetic emergencies that require immediate identification and intervention. Advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) play a crucial role in the early detection, management and co-ordination of care for patients with these conditions, although some may feel less confident in handling such complex cases. This clinical review explores the role of ACPs in managing DKA and HHS, focusing on their responsibilities in diagnosis, treatment initiation, and communication within multidisciplinary teams. It also examines the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, and causes of these conditions, alongside diagnostic criteria and management strategies. In addition, the review highlights the importance of minimising risks and preventing recurrence to ultimately enhance patient outcomes.
糖尿病酮症酸中毒（DKA）和高渗高血糖综合征（HHS）都是糖尿病急症，需要立即识别和干预。高级临床医生（ACPs）在早期发现、管理和协调这些疾病患者的护理方面发挥着至关重要的作用，尽管有些人可能对处理此类复杂病例感到不太自信。本临床综述探讨了 ACPs 在管理 DKA 和 HHS 中的作用，重点介绍了他们在诊断、治疗启动以及多学科团队内部沟通方面的职责。它还研究了这些病症的流行病学、发病机制、危险因素和原因，以及诊断标准和管理策略。此外，该综述强调了最大限度降低风险和预防复发以最终改善患者预后的重要性。
