Maione Vincenzo, Bighetti Stefano, Rovaris Sara, Cozzi Chiara, Tomasi Cesare, Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo, Bettolini Luca
Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Dermatol Pract Concept. 2024 Oct 30;14(4):e2024280. doi: 10.5826/dpc.1404a280.
Pemphigus, an autoimmune disorder, significantly impacts the quality of life for those affected.
This study examined the sleep quality in patients with pemphigus, a domain for which the existing literature provides limited data without a focused analysis.
A total of 156 individuals, 52 in the case and 104 in the control group, completed several questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI], General Health Questionnaire-12 [GHQ-12], and ABQOL [Autoimmune Bullous Disease Quality of Life]). Disease severity was evaluated using the Pemphigus disease area index (PDAI index).
The case group exhibited significantly higher levels of psychological distress, reflected in GHQ-12 scores (P = 0.00), and notably poorer sleep quality compared to controls across various parameters (sleep latency [SL], disturbances [SDi], medication [SM], daytime sleep dysfunction [DSD]), and the global PSQI score (GS)] (P = 0.00)). Significant correlations were observed between PDAI scores and sleep duration (SDu) (P = 0.01), SM (P=0.03), SL (P =0.03), and GS (P=0.00). An association was found between the equivalent steroid intake and SDu (P=0.00) as well as GS (P=0.02). No statistically significant correlation emerged between disease duration and PSQI scores. Our findings indicated a correlation between poor sleep quality and cutaneous rather than mucosal manifestations (p=0.01). Pemphigus affects sleep quality. Severe disease showed heightened SDi, correlating with higher steroid doses, and in the chronic phase, the impact seems to have been more influenced by the pro-inflammatory stage of the disease. Patients with cutaneous pemphigus exhibited reduced sleep quality compared to those with oral pemphigus.
Understanding that pemphigus worsens sleep quality can be beneficial for the holistic management of individuals with this condition.
天疱疮是一种自身免疫性疾病，对患者的生活质量有显著影响。
本研究调查了天疱疮患者的睡眠质量，现有文献在该领域的数据有限且缺乏针对性分析。
共有156人参与，其中病例组52人，对照组104人，完成了几份问卷（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数[PSQI]、一般健康问卷-12[GHQ-12]和ABQOL[自身免疫性大疱性疾病生活质量问卷]）。使用天疱疮疾病面积指数（PDAI指数）评估疾病严重程度。
病例组在GHQ-12评分中表现出明显更高的心理困扰水平（P = 0.00），并且与对照组相比，在各个参数（睡眠潜伏期[SL]、干扰[SDi]、药物治疗[SM]、日间睡眠功能障碍[DSD]）以及整体PSQI评分（GS）方面，睡眠质量明显更差（P = 0.00）。观察到PDAI评分与睡眠时间（SDu）（P = 0.01）、SM（P = 0.03）、SL（P = 0.03）和GS（P = 0.00）之间存在显著相关性。发现等效类固醇摄入量与SDu（P = 0.00）以及GS（P = 0.02）之间存在关联。疾病持续时间与PSQI评分之间未出现统计学上的显著相关性。我们的研究结果表明睡眠质量差与皮肤而非黏膜表现之间存在相关性（p = 0.01）。天疱疮会影响睡眠质量。严重疾病表现出更高的SDi，与更高的类固醇剂量相关，并且在慢性期，这种影响似乎更多地受到疾病促炎阶段的影响。与口腔天疱疮患者相比，皮肤型天疱疮患者的睡眠质量更低。
认识到天疱疮会恶化睡眠质量，有助于对患有这种疾病的个体进行全面管理。
