Exposito-Diaz Anabel, Camiletti Boris X, Garcia-Lopez M Teresa, Cabello Diego, Prusky Dov, Diez Concepción M, Moral Juan
Department of Agronomy, María de Maeztu Excellence Unit, University of Cordoba, Edif. C4, Campus de Rabanales, Cordoba 14071, Spain.
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A.
Plant Dis. 2025 Mar;109(3):683-690. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0481-RE. Epub 2025 Mar 12.
Anthracnose, the most critical fruit disease affecting olive crops, necessitates the evaluation of the susceptibility of traditional and new varieties. In Spain and Portugal, anthracnose is caused by several species, with and being dominant and and being secondary. This study explores the susceptibility of fruits from an F progeny resulting from a cross between 'Picual' (resistant) and 'Arbequina' (moderately susceptible) cultivars to . While most genotypes showed resistance levels comparable to their parents, seven showed a 50% reduction in disease severity compared with 'Picual.' The normal distribution of genotypes' response to the pathogen suggests a complex resistance mechanism. Furthermore, we assessed the susceptibility of four traditional cultivars, two new cultivars ('Sikitita-2' and 'Martina'), and five advanced selections (pre-commercial genotypes) to and . Despite the significant interaction between the olive genotype and species in this experiment, the new cultivars and advanced selections were classified as susceptible or moderately susceptible against both species. A subsequent analysis of the interaction between 'Picual' (resistant) and 'Hojiblanca' (susceptible) fruits with the four mentioned species revealed significant differences among cultivars but no interaction between genotype and pathogen species. species were categorized as follows: (i) and as highly virulent, (ii) as moderately virulent, and (iii) as weakly virulent. Finally, exhibited an enhanced ability to infect and develop acervuli in olive leaves, potentially serving as an inoculum source for this species. The absence of a correlation between leaf and fruit susceptibilities to the pathogen suggests differences in resistance mechanisms. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between olive genotype and species, essential for cultivar selection and understanding the disease cycle.
炭疽病是影响油橄榄作物的最关键的果实病害，需要对传统品种和新品种的易感性进行评估。在西班牙和葡萄牙，炭疽病由几种病原菌引起，其中 和 占主导地位， 和 为次要病原菌。本研究探讨了由“皮夸尔”（抗病）和“阿贝基纳”（中度感病）品种杂交产生的F子代果实对 的易感性。虽然大多数基因型的抗性水平与其亲本相当，但有7个基因型的病情严重程度比“皮夸尔”降低了50%。基因型对病原菌反应的正态分布表明存在复杂的抗性机制。此外，我们评估了4个传统品种、2个新品种（“西基蒂塔 - 2”和“玛蒂娜”）以及5个高级选种（商业前基因型）对 和 的易感性。尽管在本实验中油橄榄基因型和 病原菌种类之间存在显著相互作用，但新品种和高级选种对这两种病原菌均被归类为感病或中度感病。随后对“皮夸尔”（抗病）和“霍吉布兰卡”（感病）果实与上述4种 病原菌之间相互作用的分析表明，品种间存在显著差异，但基因型与病原菌种类之间没有相互作用。 病原菌种类分类如下：（i） 和 为高毒力，（ii） 为中毒力，（iii） 为弱毒力。最后， 在油橄榄叶片中表现出增强的感染和产生分生孢子盘的能力，可能作为该病原菌的接种源。叶片和果实对病原菌的易感性之间不存在相关性，这表明抗性机制存在差异。总之，本研究为油橄榄基因型与 病原菌种类之间的复杂相互作用提供了有价值的见解，这对于品种选择和了解病害循环至关重要。
