Riolo Mario, Luz Carlos, Santilli Elena, Meca Giuseppe, Cacciola Santa Olga
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy; Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, 89122, Reggio Calabria, Italy; Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus crops (CREA- OFA), 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.
Fungal Biol. 2023 Jul-Aug;127(7-8):1118-1128. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.06.003. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
This study was aimed to characterize the secondary metabolites produced by four Colletotrichum species, C. acutatum, C. gloeosporioides, C. godetiae and C. karsti, both in vitro, on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and oatmeal agar (OA), and during the infection process of fruits of four olive cultivars differing in susceptibility to anthracnose, 'Coratina' and 'Ottobratica', both susceptible, 'Frantoio' and 'Leccino', both resistant. The metabolites were extracted from axenic cultures after seven days incubation and from olives inoculated singularly with each Colletotrichum species, at three different times, 1, 3 and 7 days post inoculation (dpi). They were identified using the UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis method. In total, as many as 45 diverse metabolites were identified. Only 10 metabolites were present in both fruits and axenic cultures while 19 were found exclusively on olives and 16 exclusively in axenic cultures. The identified metabolites comprised fatty acid, phenolics, pyrones, sterols, terpenes and miscellaneous compounds. Each Colletotrichum species produced a different spectrum of metabolites depending on the type of matrices. On artificially inoculated olives the severity of symptoms, the amount of fungal secondary metabolites and their number peaked 7 dpi irrespective of the cultivar susceptibility and the virulence of the Colletotrichum species.
本研究旨在对尖孢炭疽菌、胶孢炭疽菌、戈氏炭疽菌和喀氏炭疽菌这四种炭疽菌产生的次生代谢产物进行表征，包括在体外，即在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）和燕麦片琼脂（OA）上，以及在四种对炭疽病易感性不同的橄榄品种果实的感染过程中进行表征，这四种橄榄品种分别是均易感的‘科拉蒂纳’和‘奥托布拉蒂卡’，以及均抗病的‘弗兰托io’和‘莱奇诺’。在培养7天后从无菌培养物中提取代谢产物，并在接种后1、3和7天这三个不同时间，从单独接种每种炭疽菌的橄榄中提取代谢产物。使用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UHPLC-QTOF-MS）分析方法对它们进行鉴定。总共鉴定出多达45种不同的代谢产物。只有10种代谢产物同时存在于果实和无菌培养物中，19种仅在橄榄中发现，16种仅在无菌培养物中发现。鉴定出的代谢产物包括脂肪酸、酚类、吡喃酮、甾醇、萜类和其他化合物。每种炭疽菌根据基质类型产生不同的代谢产物谱。在人工接种的橄榄上，无论品种易感性和炭疽菌的毒力如何，症状的严重程度、真菌次生代谢产物的数量及其数量在接种后7天达到峰值。
