de Olives Víctor, Polín Eduardo, Pérez Vicente
Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Básica I, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
Learn Behav. 2025 Jun;53(2):194-203. doi: 10.3758/s13420-024-00653-0. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
With the general aim of providing more evidence for considering certain behaviors involved in the act of remembering as operant, two experiments were carried out to verify its sensitivity to differential reinforcement, and to some of the variables upon which it depends. In the first experiment, three children participated, and two variables were manipulated in a "free recall" task: the accuracy of the instructions and the magnitude of the reinforcer applied to the emission of the target words. In the second experiment, 60 was changed to one of comparison between groups. In this case, the response-reinforcer interval (immediate vs. delayed) was manipulated using a "recognition" task. In both experiments, a greater number of remembered items were found in the presence of reinforcement compared to its absence, as well as with a greater magnitude of the reinforcer and with a shorter delay. These results are discussed considering the peculiarities of verbal behavior in humans and provide evidence that operant processes have an important role in traditional human memory tasks.
为了提供更多证据，以便将记忆行为中涉及的某些行为视为操作性行为，我们进行了两项实验，以验证其对差别强化的敏感性以及它所依赖的一些变量。在第一个实验中，三名儿童参与其中，在“自由回忆”任务中操纵了两个变量：指令的准确性和应用于目标词发出的强化物的大小。在第二个实验中，将60名儿童改为进行组间比较。在这种情况下，使用“识别”任务操纵反应-强化物间隔（即时与延迟）。在两项实验中，与无强化相比，有强化时发现记住的项目数量更多，强化物大小越大且延迟越短时也是如此。我们结合人类言语行为的特点对这些结果进行了讨论，并提供了证据表明操作性过程在传统人类记忆任务中具有重要作用。
