Delaney P F, Austin J
Anal Verbal Behav. 1998;15:75-91. doi: 10.1007/BF03392925.
The study of memory has traditionally been the province of cognitive psychology, which has postulated different memory systems that store memory traces to explain remembering. Behavioral psychologists have been unsuccessful at empirically identifying the behavior that occurs during remembering because so much of it occurs rapidly and covertly. In addition, behavior analysts have generally been disinterested in studying transient phenomena such as memory. As a result, the cognitive interpretation has been the only one that has made and tested useful predictions. Recent experimental evidence acquired while having participants "think aloud" suggests that a behavioral approach to memory may provide a superior account of memory performance and allow applied scientists to observe and modify memory-related behavior with well-known applied behavior-analytic techniques. We review evidence supporting and extending the interpretation of memory provided by Palmer (1991), who described memory in terms of precurrent behavior that occurs at the time of acquisition in preparation for problem solving that occurs at the time of remembering.
传统上，记忆研究一直是认知心理学的领域，认知心理学假定存在不同的记忆系统来存储记忆痕迹以解释记忆现象。行为心理学家一直未能通过实证确定记忆过程中发生的行为，因为其中很多行为发生迅速且隐蔽。此外，行为分析学家通常对研究诸如记忆这样的短暂现象不感兴趣。因此，认知解释一直是唯一能够做出并检验有用预测的解释。最近在让参与者“大声思考”时获得的实验证据表明，一种基于行为的记忆方法可能会对记忆表现做出更优的解释，并使应用科学家能够运用著名的应用行为分析技术来观察和改变与记忆相关的行为。我们回顾了支持并扩展帕尔默（1991年）对记忆解释的证据，帕尔默将记忆描述为在获取信息时发生的前期行为，这些行为是为了在记忆时解决问题而做的准备。
