Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.
Department of General Practice, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China.
Ageing Res Rev. 2024 Nov;101:102530. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102530. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Human aging is characterized by a gradual decline in physiological functions and an increased susceptibility to various diseases. The complex mechanisms underlying human aging are still not fully elucidated. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) technologies have revolutionized aging research by providing unprecedented resolution and detailed insights into cellular diversity and dynamics. In this review, we discuss the application of various SCS technologies in human aging research, encompassing single-cell, genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics. We also discuss the combination of multiple omics layers within single cells and the integration of SCS technologies with advanced methodologies like spatial transcriptomics and mass spectrometry. These approaches have been essential in identifying aging biomarkers, elucidating signaling pathways associated with aging, discovering novel aging cell subpopulations, uncovering tissue-specific aging characteristics, and investigating aging-related diseases. Furthermore, we provide an overview of aging-related databases that offer valuable resources for enhancing our understanding of the human aging process.
人类衰老的特征是生理功能逐渐下降，对各种疾病的易感性增加。人类衰老的复杂机制仍未完全阐明。单细胞测序 (SCS) 技术通过提供前所未有的分辨率和对细胞多样性和动态的详细了解，彻底改变了衰老研究。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了各种 SCS 技术在人类衰老研究中的应用，包括单细胞、基因组学、转录组学、表观基因组学和蛋白质组学。我们还讨论了单细胞内多个组学层面的组合以及 SCS 技术与空间转录组学和质谱等先进方法的整合。这些方法对于识别衰老生物标志物、阐明与衰老相关的信号通路、发现新的衰老细胞亚群、揭示组织特异性衰老特征以及研究与衰老相关的疾病至关重要。此外，我们还概述了与衰老相关的数据库，这些数据库为增强我们对人类衰老过程的理解提供了有价值的资源。
