Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya, 572025, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Lab of the Ministry of Agriculture for Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Lab of the Ministry of Agriculture for Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;281(Pt 4):136469. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136469. Epub 2024 Oct 12.
Dioscorea has a history spanning over 2000 years for both medicinal and edible purposes in China. It contains rich polysaccharides, which are frequently utilized as thickening and stabilizing agents in the food industry. However, there has been relatively little focus on polysaccharides from common Dioscorea species besides D. opposita, such as D. alata and D. esculenta. In this study, non-starch crude polysaccharides were isolated from D. opposita (BD), D. alata (WC), and D. esculenta (GZ). Their structures, physicochemical compositions, and functional properties were characterized and compared. The results indicated three polysaccharides all exhibited characteristic peaks of polysaccharides and possessed triple-helix structures. The Glc (36.78-83.90 %), Man (6.71-26.68 %), and GalA (8.54-10.22 %) were identified as the primary monosaccharide components. In terms of functionality, three polysaccharide solutions demonstrated non-Newtonian flow characteristics and displayed commendable thermal stability. It is worth noting that the antioxidant and emulsifying properties of polysaccharides isolated from D. opposita (BD) and D. alata (WC) were superior to those of D. esculenta (GZ), making them more suitable for use as antioxidants and stabilizers. By comparing polysaccharides derived from different Dioscorea species, this study provides valuable insights into the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries based on the unique properties of these different polysaccharides.
薯蓣在中国有 2000 多年的药用和食用历史。它含有丰富的多糖，经常被用作食品工业中的增稠和稳定剂。然而，除了盾叶薯蓣（Dioscorea opposita）以外，对于普通薯蓣属（Dioscorea）物种（如薯蓣（D. alata）和参薯（D. esculenta））的多糖研究相对较少。在本研究中，从盾叶薯蓣（BD）、薯蓣（WC）和参薯（GZ）中分离出非淀粉粗多糖。对其结构、理化组成和功能特性进行了表征和比较。结果表明，三种多糖均表现出多糖的特征峰，并具有三螺旋结构。主要单糖组成为 Glc（36.78-83.90%）、Man（6.71-26.68%）和 GalA（8.54-10.22%）。在功能方面，三种多糖溶液均表现出非牛顿流体特性，并具有良好的热稳定性。值得注意的是，盾叶薯蓣（BD）和薯蓣（WC）多糖的抗氧化和乳化性能优于参薯（GZ）多糖，使其更适合用作抗氧化剂和稳定剂。通过比较不同薯蓣属物种的多糖，本研究为食品、化妆品和制药行业提供了有价值的见解，基于这些不同多糖的独特性质。
